【西电计算机图形学上机】西电计算机图形学上机，环境配置和样例测试

使用说明

下载freeglut库

打开链接：https://www.transmissionzero.co.uk/software/freeglut-devel/
选择freeglut 3.0.0 MinGW Package下载

添加freeglut库

1、将压缩包文件解压，打开到\freeglut\include\GL目录下

同时打开dev_cpp的文件夹到Dev-Cpp\MinGW64\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include\GL 文件夹目录下

将freeglut\include\GL目录下的所有文件复制到dev的上述目录中，如图

2、打开freeglut\lib\x64 目录

同时打开Dev-Cpp\MinGW64\x86_64-w64-mingw32\lib 目录

将freeglut.lib文件复制至dev的上述目录中，如图：

3、打开freeglut\bin\x64 目录

同时打开C:\Windows\System32 目录

将freeglut.dll复制至上述目录中，如图：

检查C:\Windows\System32目录下是否有glu32.dll 如果没有，将glu32.dll 也添加至C:\Windows\System32下，如果有则不必复制添加

Dev-Cpp环境配置

打开dev，如图所示：

添加 -lopengl32 -lglu32 -lfreeglut 链接

至此，配置全部完成

样例测试

新建文件，粘贴以下内容：

/*
 * OGL01Shape3D.cpp: 3D Shapes
 */
#include <windows.h>  // for MS Windows
#include <GL/glut.h>  // GLUT, include glu.h and gl.h
 
/* Global variables */
char title[] = "3D Shapes";
 
/* Initialize OpenGL Graphics */
void initGL() {
   glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Set background color to black and opaque
   glClearDepth(1.0f);                   // Set background depth to farthest
   glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);   // Enable depth testing for z-culling
   glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);    // Set the type of depth-test
   glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);   // Enable smooth shading
   glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);  // Nice perspective corrections
}
 
/* Handler for window-repaint event. Called back when the window first appears and
   whenever the window needs to be re-painted. */
void display() {
   glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear color and depth buffers
   glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);     // To operate on model-view matrix
 
   // Render a color-cube consisting of 6 quads with different colors
   glLoadIdentity();                 // Reset the model-view matrix
   glTranslatef(1.5f, 0.0f, -7.0f);  // Move right and into the screen
 
   glBegin(GL_QUADS);                // Begin drawing the color cube with 6 quads
      // Top face (y = 1.0f)
      // Define vertices in counter-clockwise (CCW) order with normal pointing out
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,  1.0f);
 
      // Bottom face (y = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);     // Orange
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
 
      // Front face  (z = 1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
 
      // Back face (z = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Yellow
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
 
      // Left face (x = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
 
      // Right face (x = 1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Magenta
      glVertex3f(1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
   glEnd();  // End of drawing color-cube
 
   // Render a pyramid consists of 4 triangles
   glLoadIdentity();                  // Reset the model-view matrix
   glTranslatef(-1.5f, 0.0f, -6.0f);  // Move left and into the screen
 
   glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);           // Begin drawing the pyramid with 4 triangles
      // Front
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
 
      // Right
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
 
      // Back
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
 
      // Left
      glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);       // Red
      glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);       // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);       // Green
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);
   glEnd();   // Done drawing the pyramid
 
   glutSwapBuffers();  // Swap the front and back frame buffers (double buffering)
}
 
/* Handler for window re-size event. Called back when the window first appears and
   whenever the window is re-sized with its new width and height */
void reshape(GLsizei width, GLsizei height) {  // GLsizei for non-negative integer
   // Compute aspect ratio of the new window
   if (height == 0) height = 1;                // To prevent divide by 0
   GLfloat aspect = (GLfloat)width / (GLfloat)height;
 
   // Set the viewport to cover the new window
   glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
 
   // Set the aspect ratio of the clipping volume to match the viewport
   glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);  // To operate on the Projection matrix
   glLoadIdentity();             // Reset
   // Enable perspective projection with fovy, aspect, zNear and zFar
   gluPerspective(45.0f, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);
}
 
/* Main function: GLUT runs as a console application starting at main() */
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   glutInit(&argc, argv);            // Initialize GLUT
   glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE); // Enable double buffered mode
   glutInitWindowSize(640, 480);   // Set the window's initial width & height
   glutInitWindowPosition(50, 50); // Position the window's initial top-left corner
   glutCreateWindow(title);          // Create window with the given title
   glutDisplayFunc(display);       // Register callback handler for window re-paint event
   glutReshapeFunc(reshape);       // Register callback handler for window re-size event
   initGL();                       // Our own OpenGL initialization
   glutMainLoop();                 // Enter the infinite event-processing loop
   return 0;
}

编译运行，出现以下结果：

成功！！！

代码基本框架

#include <GL/glut.h>

// 绘制函数
void display() {
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    // 在此添加绘制代码
    glutSwapBuffers();
}

// 初始化函数
void init() {
    glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); // 设置清除颜色为黑色
    // 在此添加其他初始化设置
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); // 设置显示模式为双缓冲窗口和RGB颜色模式
    glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); // 设置窗口大小
    glutCreateWindow("OpenGL Window"); // 创建窗口并设置标题

    init(); // 执行初始化函数
    glutDisplayFunc(display); // 设置显示回调函数
    glutMainLoop(); // 进入主渲染循环

    return 0;
}

其他

由于老师所给的glut库版本过低，我个人测试无法运行，但是样例代码文件经过简单修改都可正常运行，具体修改步骤为

1、在int main( )中加入 int argc, char** argv参数，改为

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    
}

2、在main函数中，将

glutInit(&argc, argv);

添加在第一行，进行初始化

3、其他代码无需做任何改动即可运行。如有报错查找不到glut文件，请注意文件路径是否引用正确

应为

#include <GL/glut.h>

不是

#include <glut.h>