并发编程-同步机制（二）

二、volatile 最轻量的同步机制

volatile 保证了不同线程对这个变量可见性，即一个线程对变量进行修改，其他线程就立即可见。

但是volatile 不保证变量的原子性，所以它适合的场景是一写多读。如果出现了多写的情况那么就会出现线程安全问题。

可见性测试

/**
 * volatile 可见性测试
 * 
 * @author asus
 *
 */
public class VolatileReadTest {

	private  static int count;

	private volatile static  boolean flag; // 若去除volatile 关键字则end count 无法答应

	public void incCount() {
		count++;
	}

	static class MyThread extends Thread {

		private VolatileReadTest write;

		public MyThread(VolatileReadTest write) {
			this.write = write;
		}

		public void run() {
			System.out.println("开始执行 myThread run");
			while (!flag) ;
			System.out.println("end count="+count);
			
			
			

		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		VolatileReadTest write = new VolatileReadTest();

		new MyThread(write).start();
		/*
		 * 主线程休眠一秒，myThread 线程阻塞在while(!flag);
		 * 若flag 变量修饰了volatile 则while(!flag);为假 跳出死循环
		 * 
		 * 若不增加Thread.sleep(1000); 和flag 不修饰volatile变量，由于main线程执行的flag=true 在while(!flag);
		 * 之前所以while(!flag);为假 跳出死循环
		 * 
		 * 具体使用需要开发人员自己好好体会
		 * */
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		count = 10086;
		flag = true;
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		System.out.println("main end  count= "+count);

	}

}

 多写测试

/**
 * volatile 多写测试
 * 
 * @author asus
 *
 */
public class VolatileWriteTest {

	private volatile int count;

	public void incCount() {
		count++;
	}

	static class MyThread extends Thread {

		private VolatileWriteTest write;

		public MyThread(VolatileWriteTest write) {
			this.write = write;
		}

		public void run() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
				write.incCount();
			}

		}

	}

	static class MyThread2 extends Thread {

		private VolatileWriteTest write;

		public MyThread2(VolatileWriteTest write) {
			this.write = write;
		}

		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
				write.incCount();
			}
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		VolatileWriteTest write = new VolatileWriteTest();
		
		new MyThread(write).start();
		new MyThread2(write).start();
		
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		System.out.println(write.count); //理想值是20000

	}

}