基于字典学习的图像去噪研究与实践

机器学习在图像处理中有非常多的应用，运用机器学习（包括现在非常流行的深度学习）技术，很多传统的图像处理问题都会取得相当不错的效果。今天我们就以机器学习中的字典学习（Dictionary Learning）为例，来展示其在图像去噪方面的应用。文中代码采用Python写成，其中使用了Scikit-learn包中提供的API，读者可以从【2】中获得演示用的完整代码（Jupyter notebook）。

一、什么是字典学习？

字典学习 (aka Sparse dictionary learning) is a branch of signal processing and machine learning. 特别地，我们也称其为a representation learning method. 字典学习 aims at finding a sparse representation of the input data (also known as sparse coding or 字典) in the form of a linear combination of basic elements as well as those basic elements themselves。These elements are called atoms and they compose a dictionary。字典中，some training data admits a sparse representation。The sparser the represe