C++格式化输入输出操作

操作符	含义	输入输出
dec	以十进制显示（默认设置）	I/O
hex	以十六进制显示	I/O
oct	以八进制显示	I/O
Setbase(int n)	设置数制基数为n(=0,8,10,16),0表示默认（十进制）
ws	提取空白字符	I
ends	插入空字符	O
endl	插入换行符，然后刷新ostream缓冲区	O
flush	ostream缓冲区	O
resetiosflags(long)	清除参数所指定的标志位
setiosflags(long)	设置参数所指定的标志位
setfill(char)	设置填充字符	O
setprecision(int)	设置浮点数输出的有效数字位数	O
setw(int)	设置输出数据项的域宽	O

#include <iomanip> //for setprecision()
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float number = 123.4567;
    cout << fixed << showpoint; // use decimal form, print decimal points
    cout << "Number is " << setprecision(3) << number << endl;
    return 0;
}

#include <iomanip> //for setprecision()
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    float number = 123.4567;
    // cout << fixed << showpoint; // use decimal form, print decimal points
    cout << "Number is " << setprecision(3) << number << endl;
    return 0;
}

#include <iomanip> //for setw()
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int num1 = 123;
    int num2 = 4;
    cout << setw(10) << "num1"
         << setw(10) << "num2" << endl;
    cout << setw(10) << num1
         << setw(10) << num2 << endl;
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int i = 91;
    cout << "i = " << i << "(decimal)\n";
    cout << "i = " << oct << i << "(octal)\n";
    cout << "i = " << hex << i <<"(hexadecimal)\n";
    cout << "i = " << dec << i << "(decimal)\n"; return 0;
    return 0;
}