Netty使用（一）

一：netty介绍

   Netty是由Jboss提供的一个java 开源框架，github上独立运行的项目。Netty提供异步的、事件驱动的网络应用程序框架和工具，用以快速开发高性能、高可靠性的网络服务器和客户端程序。

二使用：添加pom文件

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.64.Final</version>
</dependency>

三 idea 开发工具

服务端

package com.persom.test;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

/**
 * @Auther yuanling
 * @Date 2021/8/8
 */
public class NettyService {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        initNetty();
    }

    private static  void initNetty() throws Exception{
        //创建2个工作线程组  bossGroup 负责客服端的连接， workGroup 负责网络数据的读写
         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
         EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
          //创建服务器端的启动对象，配置参数
         ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
         bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup)
                        .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                        .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128) //设置线程队列得到的连接数
                        .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true) //设置活动保持连接状态
                        .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                            @Override
                            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                                socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
                            }
                        }) ;
         System.out.println("服务端已经准备好了===");
         //绑定一个端口并且同步，生成一个channelFuture 对象
         ChannelFuture cf = bootstrap.bind(9988).sync();
        cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();


    }

}

务端handler

package com.persom.test;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/**
 * @Auther yuanling
 * @Date 2021/8/8
 */
public class NettyServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

        ByteBuf buf= (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("服务端收到客户端的消息"+buf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        super.channelReadComplete(ctx);
        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("服务端返回消息",CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
        ctx.close();
    }
}

客户端

package com.persom.test;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.oio.OioDatagramChannel;

/**
 * @Auther yuanling
 * @Date 2021/8/8
 */
public class ClientNetty {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        initClient();
    }

    private static void initClient() throws  Exception{
         EventLoopGroup eventGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap=new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(eventGroup)
                        .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                        .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                            @Override
                            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                                socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
                            }
                        })
                    ;
            System.out.println("客户端启动了===");
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 9988).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            eventGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }


    }
}

客户端handler

package com.persom.test;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;


/**
 * @Auther yuanling
 * @Date 2021/8/9
 */
public class ClientHandler  extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    /**
     * 当通道就绪 就会触发该方法
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        super.channelActive(ctx);
        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("服务端你好", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    /**
     * 当通道有读取事件时会触发
     * @param ctx
     * @param msg
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
       // super.channelRead(ctx, msg);
        ByteBuf buf= (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("客户端接收到信息"+buf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);

    }
}

四 启动服务端 和客户端  就可以通信了