.net程序版本兼容性解决

【篇首语】虽然是1.1的文章，但是原理是一样的，就是改写配置文件。

.Net framework 1.1版本是出来一阵子，然后大部分程序员还是习惯用Visual studio .net 2002编写基于.net framework 1.0（以下简称v1.0）的程序。随着前不久Microsoft正式推出Visual Studio .net 2003中文版，其开发的程序产品都是正式基于.net framework 1.1版本（以下简称v1.1）的。
但基于1.1版本编写的程序如 果不加配置，是不能在只安装有v1.0上运行的。如下图所示。

Microsoft提供了较好的向前(forward)与向后 (backward)兼容机制。通过引用xml配置文件，可以解决不同版本程序的兼容问题。MSDN里有一些这方面的阐述，但语焉不详。故有此文。
分 两种情况，一种是基于v1.0开发的程序试图在v1.1环境下运行。一种是基于v1.1开发的程序在v1.0环境下运行。
第一种情况，假设你的程 序名 app10.exe，那么你需要配置一个名为与程序同名且后缀为.config的（在这里是app10.exe.config）的xml文件。里面的内容 如下：
<?xml version ="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v1.1.4322" />
<requiredRuntime version="v1.0.3705" />
</startup>
</configuration>
首先将注意的 是，<startup></startup>启动块里的supportedRuntime与 requiredRuntime是大小写敏感的，不能写错。supportedRuntime为v1.1所识别，而不为v1.0识别。 requiredRuntime是v1.0识别的。在v1.1存在的环境下，app10.exe首先由v1.1启动。如果机器仅有v1.0，将略过 supportedRuntime一句，根据第二句由v1.0启动程序。supportedRuntime与requredRuntime缺一不可。如果 缺少supportedRuntime，app10.exe将不能在v1.1下运行，但可以在v1.0下运行。如果缺少requiredRuntime一 句，只有v1.0且没安装过v1.1的话程序是可以运行的；但安装过v1.0和v1.1，后来又删除掉v1.1，程序app10.exe将不能运行。
第 二种情况，xml配置相对比较复杂，除了<startup></startup>启动块，还需 要<runtime></runtime>运行块的程序映射。Xml文件内容如下，
<?xml version ="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v1.1.4322" />
<requiredRuntime version="v1.0.3705" />
</startup>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" appliesTo="v1.0.3705">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Regcode" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.EnterpriseServices" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Security" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="CustomMarshalers" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Accessibility" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Configuration.Install" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.DirectoryServices" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Drawing.Design" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.ServiceProcess" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.RegularExpressions" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Services" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Windows.Forms" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Xml" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Data" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Design" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Drawing" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Messaging" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="IEExecRemote" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="IEHost" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="IIEHost" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="ISymWrapper" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="mscorcfg" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Management" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime.Remoting" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mobile" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="1.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Vsa.Vb.CodeDOMProcessor" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft_VsaVb" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Vsa" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Vsa" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="cscompmgd" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.JScript" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.VisualBasic" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.VisualC" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture=""/>
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-65535.65535.65535.65535" newVersion="7.0.3300.0"/>
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
</configuration>
大 家可能已经注意到，<runtime/>块里事实上是将v1.1的程序集通过一定的机制映射到v1.0对应的程序集上面。如果发现还有程序 集不在上面内容里，请根据格式自行添加。假设你的程序app11.exe是在v1.1下编译生成的，那么为了让app11.exe能同时在v1.0或 v1.1或v1.0与v1.1共存的情况下都能运行，需要新建app11.exe.config，并将上面内容拷贝到配置文件里。
最后，说明一 下，如果你的程序已经建立了配置文件（如在remoting的场合），那么只需要将<startup></startup> 跟<runtime></runtime>两块内容copy过去就ok了。

 

原帖：http://www.cnblogs.com/mmhh/articles/156288.html