sqrt函数

给定x，求sqrt(x) 不允许调用系统sqrt()函数

方法一：牛顿迭代

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

float SqrtByNewton(float x,float eps){
	float val=x;
	float last=x/2;
	while((abs(last*last-val)>eps){
		last=(last+val/last)/2;
	}
	return last;
}
int main(){
	float x;
	float eps;
	cin>>x>>eps;
	printf("%f\n",SqrtByNewton(x,eps));
	return 0;
}

方法二：3D引擎中定点移位

关键：0x5f375a86

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
float InvSqrt(float x)
{
    float xhalf = 0.5f*x;
    int i = *(int*)&x; // get bits for floating VALUE 
    i = 0x5f375a86- (i>>1); // gives initial guess y0
    x = *(float*)&i; // convert bits BACK to float
    x = x*(1.5f-xhalf*x*x); // Newton step, repeating increases accuracy
    x = x*(1.5f-xhalf*x*x); // Newton step, repeating increases accuracy
    x = x*(1.5f-xhalf*x*x); // Newton step, repeating increases accuracy
    return 1/x;
}
int main(){
	float x;
	cin>>x;
	printf("%f\n",InvSqrt(x));
	return 0;
}