参考链接
- https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1et411b73Z?p=118
友元
概念
在程序里,有些私有属性,也想让类外特殊的一些函数或类进行访问,就需要用到友元的技术。
目的
友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类访问另一个类中私有成员
实现
友元的关键字为friend
友元的三种实现:
- 全局函数做友元
- 类做友元
- 成员函数做友元
全局函数做友元
只需要在类中加上全局函数的声明,另外加上friend关键字。例如:
class Building
{
friend void goodGay(Building *building);
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom; // 客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
}
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building *building)
{
cout << "好基友全局函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
Building building;
goodGay(&building);
}
int main()
{
test();
system(“pause”);
return 0;
}
类做友元
只需要在类中加上友元类的声明,并加上friend关键字。例如:
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
GoodGay();
void visit(); //参观函数访问building中的属性
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
friend class GoodGay;
public:
Building(){}
public:
string m_SittingRoom; // 客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
}
//类外写成员函数
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
//创建建筑物对象
building = new Buildiing;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "好基友类正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友类正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
Good gg;
gg.visit();
}
成员函数做友元
只需要在类中声明友元类的成员函数,加上friend关键字,并为成员函数加上友元类域。例如:
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
void visit(); //让其可以访问building中的私有成员
void visit2(); //让其不可以访问building中的私有成员
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
friend void GoodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom; // 客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
}
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "visit函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "visit函数正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void GoodGay::visit2()
{
cout << "visit函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
//cout << "visit函数正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
gg.visit2();
}