利用FormData上传文件实现批量上传

在项目中涉及题库的批量上传功能，在此利用formdata进行文件上传，后台读取，进行批量插入。同时还需要带入teacherId和courseId两个参数，所以将文件和两个参数append到formdata中，传到后台。

               

JQuery 函数的提交按钮执行的函数如下：

<script type="text/javascript">
  //批量上传题库
	function fileSubmit() {
		var questionFile = new FormData();
		var fileObj = document.getElementById("questionFile").files[0];
                // js 获取文件对象，questionFile为文件选择框的Id
		questionFile.append("file", fileObj);
		var teacherId=localStorage.getItem("teacherId");
		questionFile.append("teacherId",teacherId);
		var courseId=localStorage.getItem("courseId");
		questionFile.append("courseId",courseId);
		$.ajax({
			async: false,
			type:"post",
			url:"/questions/batchUpload",
			data:questionFile,
			processData : false,  //必须false才会避开jQuery对 formdata 的默认处理
			contentType : false, //必须false才会自动加上正确的Content-Type
			success:function (data) {
				layer.msg("上传成功");
				example.ajax.reload();
			}
		});
	}

</script>

需要注意的是以下两点：

• jQuery 的 ajax 中processData设置为false （表示不需要对数据做处理）
• jQuery 的 ajax 中contentType设置为false （因为前面已经声明了是‘FormData对象’）

Controller 中的方法如下：

@ApiOperation(value = "批量上传题库")
	@RequestMapping(value = "/batchUpload",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public void batchUploadQuestions(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		Collection<Part> files = request.getParts();
		questionsService.batchUploadQuestions(files);
	}

Service中的方法如下：

    //题库的批量上传
	@Override
	public void batchUploadQuestions(Collection<Part> files) throws Exception {
		Iterator<Part> it = files.iterator();
		Part file = it.next();
		Workbook workbook = null;
		if (file.getSubmittedFileName().endsWith("xlsx")) {
			workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());
		} else if (file.getSubmittedFileName().endsWith("xls")) {
			workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());
		}
		Cell cell = null;
		List<Questions> questionsList = new ArrayList<>();
		//判断Excel中有几张表，目前设定为一张表
		Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);//获取sheet表
		for (int rowIndex = 2; rowIndex <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowIndex++) { //获取到一行
			Row row = sheet.getRow(rowIndex);
			if (row == null) {
				continue;
			}
			Questions questions = new Questions();
			List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>();
			for (int i = 1; i < row.getLastCellNum(); i++) {
                //获取到一列，第一列为序号不需要存入数据库，所以从1开始读
				cell = row.getCell(i);
				String value = "";
				switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
					case _NONE:
						break;
					case STRING:
						value = cell.getStringCellValue();
						break;
					case NUMERIC:
						Pattern points_ptrn = Pattern.compile("0.0+_*[^/s]+");
						if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {//日期
							SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
							value = sdf.format(DateUtil.getJavaDate(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
						} else if ("@".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())
								|| "General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())
								|| "0_".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
							//文本  or 常规 or 整型数值
							DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0");
							value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
						} else if (points_ptrn.matcher(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString()).matches()) {//正则匹配小数类型
							value = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());//直接显示
						}
						break;
					default:
						value = cell.toString();
				}
				if ((i == 2 || i == 3) && value.equals("")) {//此处设计不需要读入的单元格
					strList.clear();
					break;
				}
				strList.add(value);
			}
			if (strList.size() == 9) {
                  //对应数据库属性进行存储
				questions.setChapter(strList.get(0));
				questions.setSection(strList.get(1));
				questions.setType(strList.get(2));
				questions.setQuestion(strList.get(3));
				questions.setAnswerA(strList.get(4));
				questions.setAnswerB(strList.get(5));
				questions.setAnswerC(strList.get(6));
				questions.setAnswerD(strList.get(7));
				questions.setAnswerTrue(strList.get(8));
				questionsList.add(questions);
			}
		}

        //将前台存进的teacherId也当做文件进行读取
		Part file1 = it.next();
		InputStream inputStream = file1.getInputStream();
		BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
		String line = null;
		String teacherId = "";
		while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
			teacherId = line;
		}
        
         //将前台传入的courseId当做文件读取
		Part file2 = it.next();
		InputStream inputStream1 = file2.getInputStream();
		BufferedReader bufferedReader1 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream1));
		String line1 = null;
		String courseId = "";
		while ((line1 = bufferedReader1.readLine()) != null) {
			courseId = line1;
		}
		batchSaveQuestionList(teacherId, courseId, questionsList);
	}


      //SQL 语句拼接后传入DAO层进行数据插入
	public void batchSaveQuestionList(String teacherId,String courseId,List<Questions> questionsList){
		String sql = "replace into questions(questionId,courseId,teacherId,chapter,section,type,question,answerA,answerB,answerC,answerD,answerTrue) values";
		for(int i = 0;i<questionsList.size();i++){
			String questionId = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis())+i;
			if(i==0){
				sql+="('"+questionId+"','"+courseId+"','"+teacherId+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getChapter()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getSection()
						+ "','"+questionsList.get(i).getType()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getQuestion()+ "','"+ questionsList.get(i).getAnswerA()
						+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerB()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerC()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerD()
						+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerTrue()+"')";
			}else{
				sql+=",('"+questionId+"','"+courseId+"','"+teacherId+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getChapter()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getSection()
						+ "','"+questionsList.get(i).getType()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getQuestion()+ "','"+ questionsList.get(i).getAnswerA()
						+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerB()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerC()+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerD()
						+"','"+questionsList.get(i).getAnswerTrue()+"')";
			}
		}
		questionsDao.batchSaveQuestionList(sql);
	}

DAO层的数据插入语句：

@Insert("${sql}")
void batchSaveQuestionList(@Param("sql") String sql);

自此即可实现批量上传，需要注意的是，这里定义的文件类型为Part类型。