开始实施CMMI

Getting Started with CMMI Adoption

Are you interested in starting a process improvement program in your organization? Or just looking to learn more about CMMI? The following gives information about CMMI-based process improvement.

如果你对CMMI感兴趣，下面的信息会对你有帮助。

Before you begin applying CMMI to your organization, collect information about it. The What is CMMI? page and the Adoption page are good starting points for finding information most relevant to your situation. Once you collect information, you can begin the implementation steps.

在开始实施CMMI之前，你可以先了解一下CMMI是什么。

CMMI Implementation Steps

The following actions demonstrate the typical steps involved in implementing CMMI-based process improvement (Note: The steps and sequence may vary from organization to organization.):

下面的是实施CMMI的基本步骤

1.  

2. Secure Sponsorship and Funding  后台
   Before you begin your process improvement effort, ensure that your process improvement program has a senior management sponsor and funding. Such sponsorship and funding is critical to ensuring the program's success. You can educate senior management about CMMI by presenting the CMMI Version 1.2 Overview or CMMI Executive Overview presentations.  在确定要实施前，请先确定有高级层支持。你可以先教育高级管理层。

    

    

3. Take Core Training  核心训练
   To understand basic concepts of the CMMI Product Suite, attend the Introduction to CMMI, Version 1.2 course. This CMMI course is offered by the SEI and by many members of the SEI Partner Network.  参加CMMI课程学习基本概念。

    

    

4. Prepare Your Organization for Change 准备改变组织
   You need to treat process improvement as a project. Establish the business reasons and the business goals for the effort. Create a compelling case for change, including the rationale for the undertaking and the expected benefits and costs for the people affected. Develop a persuasive presentation of the problems and opportunities. Key people involved in your organization's process improvement efforts should also take the Introduction to CMMI, Version 1.2 course.  你需要将实施过程当作一个工程。 并且要教育关键人物。

    

    

5. Form an Engineering Process Group 成立工程实施小组
   This group coordinates process improvement activities across the enterprise and exists for the duration of the process improvement activity. Members of the group can serve as process improvement mentors. If the Engineering Process Group is new to process improvement, members should consider taking the Defining Software Processes or Mastering Process Improvement courses.  小组负责促进和监督实施进程。

    

    

6. Know Where You Are 知道你在哪里
   Map CMMI best practices to your organization's processes and do an informal gap analysis (e.g., SCAMPI^SM C) to determine how your processes compare to CMMI model practices using an ARC Class C compliant appraisal method. Do a survey to gather data from managers, project leads, and workers to gauge cultural opportunities and barriers to change. Build a detailed picture of the present. 利用工具，时刻关注实施进度。

    

    

7. Know Where You Are Going 知道你往哪里去
   Using the same format as the picture of where you are, create a picture of where you want to be. Characterize the success you want before you begin. Get a balanced view from management, project leaders, and staff about what they think is most important. Each will have different objectives they want to achieve. Prioritize the process areas to address and build your improvement plan. Track your progress against the plan. 用图片表示出你下一个步骤是什么。

    

    

8. Communicate and Coordinate 沟通和协作
   You must have honest and open communication. Share the plan with everyone who will be affected and listen to their comments. 必须开诚布公，和每个人分享计划和听他们的评论。

    

    

9. Track Your Progress 跟踪进程
   Compare the picture of where you are to the one of where you want to be. The difference between the two is the focus of your process improvement program. Create a periodic (e.g., monthly, weekly) report that demonstrates your program's progress in reaching its (and the organization's) goals. You can also have a SEI-authorized lead appraiser conduct an appraisal, which will provide an objective evaluation of your organization using the SCAMPI method and a CMMI model. For more information about SCAMPI, see CMMI Appraisals.  和计划图做对比并关注不同的地方，并坚持做报告。

    

If you have questions or comments, send email to cmmi-comments@sei.cmu.edu.

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