Hibernate之一对一映射

一,概述

前面几篇博客写了一对多 多对多等常见的映射,今天就来写关于一对一映射吧!现实生活中,人与身份信息就是一对一映射.

二,JavaBean设计

1)User.java

package com.bighuan.c_one2one;

public class User {

	private int userId;
	private String userName;
	private IdCard idCard;

	public User() {

	}

	public int getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(int userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public IdCard getIdCard() {
		return idCard;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName
				+ ", idCard=" + idCard + "]";
	}

	public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) {
		this.idCard = idCard;
	}

}

2)IdCard.java

package com.bighuan.c_one2one;

public class IdCard {

	private String cardNum;// 主键
	private String place;

	private User user;

	public IdCard() {

	}

	public String getCardNum() {
		return cardNum;
	}

	public void setCardNum(String cardNum) {
		this.cardNum = cardNum;
	}

	public String getPlace() {
		return place;
	}

	public void setPlace(String place) {
		this.place = place;
	}

	public User getUser() {
		return user;
	}

	public void setUser(User user) {
		this.user = user;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "IdCard [cardNum=" + cardNum + ", place=" + place + ", user="
				+ user + "]";
	}

}

三,基于外键的映射

1)User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.bighuan.c_one2one">
	<!-- 对象与表对应 -->
	<class name="User" table="t_user">
		<id name="userId">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="userName" length="20"></property>
		<!-- 一对一映射:没有外键方 -->
		<one-to-one name="idCard" class="IdCard"></one-to-one>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

2)IdCard.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.bighuan.c_one2one">
	<!-- 对象与表对应 -->
	<class name="IdCard" table="t_IdCard">
		<id name="cardNum">
			<!-- 手动指定主键 -->
			<generator class="assigned" />
		</id>
		<property name="place" length="20"></property>
		<!-- 一对一映射:有外键方 
			unique="true":给外键添加唯一约束
		-->
		<many-to-one name="user" unique="true" class="User" column="user_id" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

四,测试一

1)代码

package com.bighuan.c_one2one;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;

public class App {
	private static SessionFactory sf;

	static {
		sf = new Configuration().configure().addClass(IdCard.class)
				.addClass(User.class)// 测试时用
				.buildSessionFactory();
	}

	@Test
	public void testSave() throws Exception {
		// 获得session
		org.hibernate.Session session = sf.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		//用户
		User user=new User();
		user.setUserName("Leslie");
		//身份证
		IdCard idCard=new IdCard();
		idCard.setCardNum("360732XXX");
		idCard.setPlace("江西南昌");
		//关系
		idCard.setUser(user);
		//保存
		session.save(idCard);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}
}

2)结果

用户表有两个字段:userId userName,身份证表有三个字段:cardNum place user_id,第一个字段为主键.

五,基于主键的映射

1)User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.bighuan.c_one2one2">
	<!-- 对象与表对应 -->
	<class name="User" table="t_user">
		<id name="userId">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="userName" length="20"></property>
		<!-- 一对一映射:没有外键方 -->
		<one-to-one name="idCard" class="IdCard"></one-to-one>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

2)IdCard.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.bighuan.c_one2one2">
	<!-- 对象与表对应 -->
	<class name="IdCard" table="t_IdCard">
		<id name="user_id">
			<!-- 
				id 节点指定的是主键映射, 即user_id是主键
				主键生成方式： foreign  即把别的表的主键作为当前表的主键；
			property (关键字不能修改)指定引用的对象     对象的全名 cn..User、  
			对象映射 cn.User.hbm.xml、   table(id)
			 -->
			<generator class="foreign">
				<param name="property">user</param>
			</generator>
			
		</id>
		<property name="place" length="20"></property>
			<property name="cardNum" length="20"></property>
		<!-- 
			一对一映射，有外键方
			（基于主键的映射）
			 constrained="true"  指定在主键上添加外键约束
		 -->
		<one-to-one name="user" class="User" constrained="true" cascade="save-update"></one-to-one>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

六,测试二

1)代码

package com.bighuan.c_one2one2;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;

public class App {
	private static SessionFactory sf;

	static {
		sf = new Configuration().configure().addClass(IdCard.class)
				.addClass(User.class)// 测试时用
				.buildSessionFactory();
	}

	@Test
	public void testSave() throws Exception {
		// 获得session
		org.hibernate.Session session = sf.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		//用户
		User user=new User();
		user.setUserName("Leslie111");
		//身份证
		IdCard idCard=new IdCard();
		idCard.setCardNum("360732XXXYYYY");
		idCard.setPlace("江西南昌");
		//关系
		idCard.setUser(user);
		//保存
		session.save(idCard);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}
}

2)结果

用户表有两个字段:userId userName,身份证表有三个字段:user_id cardNum place ,第一个字段为主键.

七,总结

两种映射方式生成的表有一点区别,主要是身份证表的主键不一样.