MPU 配置实战

H750XB 的内存地址划分

M7 处理器的内存映射：（标准来源于 ARM）

ARM 划定了一个大致的内存分配区间，如上图所示。各个厂商再根据自己芯片的实际情况进行详细的划分。

如 STM32H750XB 芯片的划分如下。H750XB 芯片的内存划分：（来源于H750XB参考手册第二章第二节）


H750XB 芯片各个 SRAM 所能支持的大小：

在工程中进行 MPU 配置

MPU_InitStruct 结构体各项说明：

typedef struct
{
    uint8_t	Enable;                /*!< Specifies the status of the region.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref CORTEX_MPU_Region_Enable */
    uint8_t	Number;                /*!< Specifies the number of the region to protect.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref CORTEX_MPU_Region_Number  */
	uint32_t BaseAddress;		   /*!< Specifies the base address of the region to protect.*/
    uint8_t	Size;                  /*!< Specifies the size of the region to protect.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref CORTEX_MPU_Region_Size */
    uint8_t	SubRegionDisable;      /*!< Specifies the number of the subregion protection to disable.
                                        This parameter must be a number between Min_Data = 0x00 
                                        and Max_Data = 0xFF	*/
    uint8_t	TypeExtField;          /*!< Specifies the TEX field level.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref CORTEX_MPU_TEX_Levels */
    uint8_t	AccessPermission;      /*!< Specifies the region access permission type.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref 
                                        CORTEX_MPU_Region_Permission_Attributes  */
    uint8_t	DisableExec;           /*!< Specifies the instruction access status.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref 
                                        CORTEX_MPU_Instruction_Access */
    uint8_t IsShareable;           /*!< Specifies the shareability status of the protected region.
                                        This parameter can be a value of @ref 
                                        CORTEX_MPU_Access_Shareable */
    uint8_t	IsCacheable;           /*!< Specifies the cacheable status of the region protected.
										This parameter can be a value of @ref
										CORTEX_MPU_Access_Cacheable */
    uint8_t	IsBufferable;          /*!< Specifies the bufferable status of the protected region.
										This parameter can be a value of @ref 
										CORTEX_MPU_Access_Bufferable */
}MPU_Region_InitTypeDef;

• Enable：指定是否使能某个 MPU 单元；

• Number：用于指定该 MPU 单元的序号。在 H750XB 芯片中最多可以支持 16 个 Region（区域），序号越大优先级就越高。当两个 Region 出现重叠时，以高优先级的 Region 的属性为主；

• BaseAddress：指定 Region 的启始地址。可以参考上面的 H750XB 内存分配详细情况进行配置；

• Size：区域大小；

• SubRegionDisable：一个区域能够被划分成8个相等大小子区域。

  对于划分的原区域需要大于等于 256 bytes，对于小于 256 bytes 的区域，该行为的未定义的。要划分子区域可以通过设置 MPU_RASR 寄存器的 SRD 域来实现，该域有 8 位，因此可以分别控制 8 个子区域的使能与否。（这也是只能划分 8 个子区域的原因）

  

  least significant 的位控制第一个子区域，most significant 的位控制最后一个子区域。

  设置位 0x00 表示使能所有区域。

  对于未使能的区域，该子区域的属性不受主区域的控制，如果没有 background Region 或者其它覆盖在该子区域上的 other Region，那么对该子区域的访问将会触发一个 fault 错误。

• DisableExec：指示是否可以存取指令（instruction）；

• TypeExtField、IsShareable、IsCacheable、IsBufferable 的设置参考下图：

  write-back、write and read allocate 等术语的说明可以参考：
  write-back/write-through/write-allocate/write-no-allocate说明_Bin Watson的博客-CSDN博客

在代码中的 MPU 配置，由 MPU_Config() 来完成：

static void MPU_Config( void )
{
	MPU_Region_InitTypeDef MPU_InitStruct;

	/* 禁止 MPU */
	HAL_MPU_Disable();

	/* 配置AXI SRAM的MPU属性为Write back, Read allocate，Write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x24000000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size             = MPU_REGION_SIZE_512KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER0;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL1;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;

	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	
	
	/* 配置FMC扩展IO的MPU属性为Device或者Strongly Ordered */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x60000000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size             = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_64KB;	
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_CACHEABLE;	/* 不能用MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;会出现2次CS、WE信号 */
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER1;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	
	/* 配置SRAM1的属性为Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
    MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x30000000;
    MPU_InitStruct.Size             = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_128KB;	
    MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER2;
    MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
    MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
    MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	
	/* 配置SRAM2的属性为Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
    MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x30020000;
    MPU_InitStruct.Size             = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_128KB;	
    MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER3;
    MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
    MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
    MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
    
    
    /* 配置SRAM3的属性为Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
    MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x30040000;
    MPU_InitStruct.Size             = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_32KB;	
    MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER4;
    MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
    MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
    MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	
	
	/* 配置SRAM4的属性为Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
    MPU_InitStruct.Enable           = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress      = 0x38000000;
    MPU_InitStruct.Size             = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_64KB;	
    MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable     = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable      = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable      = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
    MPU_InitStruct.Number           = MPU_REGION_NUMBER5;
    MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField     = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
    MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
    MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec      = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	

	/*使能 MPU */
	HAL_MPU_Enable(MPU_PRIVILEGED_DEFAULT);
}