java poi 生成excel单个或多个表头

使用poi生成双表头，写的不是很好，还有很多可以改进的地方，希望大家谅解，此方法采用了java的反射机制来排除一些不需要导出的字段，如果一张表有一百多个字段的话写的有点累人，也容易出现问题，但是用用还是可以的，导出的效率也还有可以改进的地方。使用poi-3.8版本的Jar包

1,：TableExcel类

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.Region;

public class TableExcel<T> {
	
	//表格标题
	private String title;
	//单元格宽度
	private int colWidth = 20;
	//行高度
	private int rowHeight = 20;
	
	private HSSFWorkbook workbook;
	
	//表头样式
	private HSSFCellStyle styleHead;
	//主体样式
	private HSSFCellStyle styleBody;
	//日期格式化,默认yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
	private SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	
	public TableExcel(String title,int colWidth,int rowHeight,String dateFormat){
		this.colWidth = colWidth;
		this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
		this.title = title;
		workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); 
		sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
        init();
	}
	
	public TableExcel(String title,int colWidth,int rowHeight){
		this.colWidth = colWidth;
		this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
		this.title = title;
		workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); 
        init();
	}
	
	public TableExcel(String title){
		this.title = title;
		workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); 
        init();
	}
	
	
	private void init(){
		// 生成一个样式  
		styleHead = workbook.createCellStyle();  
        // 设置这些样式  
		//styleHead.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index); 
		styleHead.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index); 
		styleHead.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);  
		styleHead.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
		styleHead.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
		styleHead.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
		styleHead.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
		styleHead.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);  
        // 生成一个字体  
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();  
        font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);  
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);  
        font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);  
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式  
        styleHead.setFont(font);  
        // 生成并设置另一个样式  
        styleBody = workbook.createCellStyle();  
        styleBody.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);  
        styleBody.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);  
        styleBody.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
        styleBody.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
        styleBody.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
        styleBody.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  
        styleBody.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);  
        styleBody.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);  
        // 生成另一个字体  
        HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();  
        font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);  
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式  
        styleBody.setFont(font2); 
	}
	
	/**
	 * 拆分sheet，因为每个sheet不能超过6526，否则会报异常
	 * @param data
	 * @param listColumn
	 * void
	 */
	private void splitDataToSheets(List<T> data,List<Column> listColumn){
		
		int dataCount = data.size();
		int maxColumn = 65535;
		int pieces = dataCount/maxColumn;
		for(int i = 1; i <= pieces;i++){
			HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(this.title+i);
			List<T> subList = data.subList((i-1)*maxColumn, i*maxColumn);
			writeSheet(sheet,subList,listColumn);
		}
		
		HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(this.title+(pieces+1));
		writeSheet(sheet, data.subList(pieces*maxColumn, dataCount),listColumn);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 导出Excel,适用于web导出excel
	 * 
	 * @param sheet
	 * @param data
	 */
	private void writeSheet(HSSFSheet sheet, List<T> data,List<Column> listColumn) {
		try {
			sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(colWidth);
			sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(rowHeight);
			
			createHead(listColumn,sheet);
			writeSheetContent(listColumn,data,sheet);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
	
	
	/**
	 * 导出表格
	 * @param listColumn
	 * @param datas
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception 
	 */
	public InputStream exportExcel(List<Column> listColumn,List<T> datas) throws Exception {
		
		splitDataToSheets(datas,listColumn);
		return save(workbook);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 导出表格
	 * @param listColumn
	 * @param datas
	 * @param FilePath
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * void
	 */
	public void exportExcel(List<Column> listColumn,List<T> datas,String FilePath) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{
		splitDataToSheets(datas,listColumn);
		save(workbook,FilePath);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 把数据写入到单元格
	 * @param listColumn
	 * @param datas
	 * @param sheet
	 * @throws Exception
	 * void
	 */
	private void writeSheetContent(List<Column> listColumn,List<T> datas,HSSFSheet sheet) throws Exception{
		HSSFRow row = null;
		List<Column> listCol = getColumnList(listColumn);
		
		for(int i = 0 , index = 2; i < datas.size(); i++ , index++){
        	row = sheet.createRow(index);//创建行
        	
        	for(int j = 0; j < listCol.size(); j++){
        		Column c = listCol.get(j);
        		createCol(row,c,datas.get(i),j); 
        	}
        	
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 把column的columnList整理成一个list<column>
	 * @param listColumn
	 * @return
	 * List<Column>
	 */
	private List<Column> getColumnList(List<Column> listColumn){
		
		List<Column> listCol = new ArrayList<Column>();
		for(int i = 0; i < listColumn.size(); i++){
			List<Column> list = listColumn.get(i).getListColumn();
			if(list.size() > 0){
				for(Column c : list){
					if(c.getFieldName() != null){
						listCol.add(c);
					}
					
				}
			}else{
				if(listColumn.get(i).getFieldName() != null){
					listCol.add(listColumn.get(i));
				}
				
			}
		}
		
		
		return listCol;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 保存Excel到InputStream，此方法适合web导出excel
	 * 
	 * @param workbook
	 * @return
	 */
	private InputStream save(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		try {
			workbook.write(bos);
			InputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
			return bis;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
	
	private void save(HSSFWorkbook workbook,String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{
		
			workbook.write(new FileOutputStream(filePath));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 创建行
	 * @param row
	 * @param column
	 * @param v
	 * @param j
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
    public int createRowVal(HSSFRow row,Column column,T v,int j) throws Exception{
    	//便利标题
    	if(column.getListColumn() != null && column.getListColumn().size() > 0){
    		for(int i = 0; i < column.getListColumn().size(); i++){
    			createRowVal(row,column.getListColumn().get(i),v,j);
    		}
    	}else{
    		createCol(row,column,v,j++);
    		
    	}
    	return j;
    	
    }
    
    /**
     * 创建单元格
     * @param row
     * @param column
     * @param v
     * @param j
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void createCol(HSSFRow row,Column column,T v,int j) throws Exception{
    	HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j);  //创建单元格
		cell.setCellStyle(styleBody); //设置单元格样式
		Class cls = v.getClass();
		Field field = cls.getDeclaredField(column.getFieldName());
		field.setAccessible(true); //设置些属性是可以访问的 
		if(field.get(v) != null){
			Object value = field.get(v);
			if(value instanceof Date){
				value = parseDate((Date)value);
			}
			
			HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(value.toString());
    		cell.setCellValue(richString);
		}
    }
    
    
    /**
     * 时间转换
     * @param date
     * @return
     * String
     */
    private  String parseDate(Date date){
		String dateStr = "";
		try{
			dateStr = sdf.format(date);
		} catch (Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return dateStr;
	}
    
    
    /**
     * 创建表头
     * @param listColumn
     */
    public void createHead(List<Column> listColumn,HSSFSheet sheetCo){
    	 HSSFRow row = sheetCo.createRow(0);  
         HSSFRow row2 = sheetCo.createRow(1);
         
         for(short i = 0, n = 0; i < listColumn.size(); i++){//i是headers的索引，n是Excel的索引  
         	HSSFCell cell1 = row.createCell(n); 
         	cell1.setCellStyle(styleHead); //设置表头样式 
         	HSSFRichTextString text = null;  
         	List<Column> columns = listColumn.get(i).getListColumn();
         	if(columns != null && columns.size() > 0){//双标题
         		text = new HSSFRichTextString(listColumn.get(i).getContent()); 
         		sheetCo.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, n, 0, (short) (n + columns.size() -1)));//创建第一行大标题
         		
         		short tempI = n; 
         		for(int j = 0; j < columns.size(); j++){//添加标题样式
         			HSSFCell cellT = row.createCell(tempI++);  
                     cellT.setCellStyle(styleHead); 
         		}
         		for(int j = 0; j < columns.size(); j++){  //给标题复制
         		    HSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(n++);  
                   
                    cell2.setCellStyle(styleHead);  
                    cell2.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(columns.get(j).getContent()));   
               }
         	}else{//单标题
         		//sheetCo.setColumnWidth(i, columns.get(i).getContent().getBytes().length*2*256); 
         		HSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(n);  
         		cell2.setCellStyle(styleHead);  
         		text = new HSSFRichTextString(listColumn.get(i).getContent());  
         		sheetCo.addMergedRegion(new Region(0, n, 1, n));  
         		n++;
         	}
         	cell1.setCellValue(text);
         }
    	
    	
    }

	public int getColWidth() {
		return colWidth;
	}

	public void setColWidth(int colWidth) {
		this.colWidth = colWidth;
	}

	public int getRowHeight() {
		return rowHeight;
	}

	public void setRowHeight(int rowHeight) {
		this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
	}

	public HSSFWorkbook getWorkbook() {
		return workbook;
	}

	public void setWorkbook(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
		this.workbook = workbook;
	}

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}


	public HSSFCellStyle getStyleHead() {
		return styleHead;
	}


	public void setStyleHead(HSSFCellStyle styleHead) {
		this.styleHead = styleHead;
	}


	public HSSFCellStyle getStyleBody() {
		return styleBody;
	}


	public void setStyleBody(HSSFCellStyle styleBody) {
		this.styleBody = styleBody;
	}
	
	
	
}



2：单元格类Column

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Column {
	//单元格内容
	private String content;
	//字段名称，用户导出表格时反射调用
	private String fieldName;
	//这个单元格的集合
	private List<Column> listColumn = new ArrayList<Column>();
	
	public Column(String content,String fieldName){
		this.content = content;
		this.fieldName = fieldName;
	}
	
	public String getContent() {
		return content;
	}

	public void setContent(String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}

	public String getFieldName() {
		return fieldName;
	}
	public void setFieldName(String fieldName) {
		this.fieldName = fieldName;
	}

	public List<Column> getListColumn() {
		return listColumn;
	}

	public void setListColumn(List<Column> listColumn) {
		this.listColumn = listColumn;
	}
	
	
	
}
/**
     * 测试方法
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     * void
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        
        List<Column> listColumn = new ArrayList<Column>();//用于存放第一行单元格
        
        List<Column> list2 = new ArrayList<Column>();//用于存放第一列第二行的单元格
        list2.add(new Column("标题1","value1"));//创建一列，value1 表示这一列需要导出字段的值
        list2.add(new Column("标题2","value1"));
        list2.add(new Column("标题3","value1"));
        list2.add(new Column("标题4","value1"));
        list2.add(new Column("标题5","value1"));
        
        List<Column> list3  = new ArrayList<Column>();//用于存放第二列第二行的单元格
        list3.add(new Column("标题6","value2"));
        list3.add(new Column("标题7","value2"));
        list3.add(new Column("标题8","value2"));
        list3.add(new Column("标题9","value2"));
        
        Column c1 = new Column("标题1",null);//创建第一行大标题,大标题的fieldName 为 null
        c1.setListColumn(list2);//所属c1的单元格都赋值给c1
        Column c2 = new Column("标题2",null);
        c2.setListColumn(list3);
        listColumn.add(c1);
        listColumn.add(c2);
        
        
        List<ValueObj> valueList = new ArrayList<ValueObj>();//需要导出的数据
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("1","11"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("2","22"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("3","33"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("4","44"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("5","55"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("6","66"));
        valueList.add(new ValueObj("7","77"));
        
        TableExcel<ValueObj> ta = new TableExcel<ValueObj>("表格",15,20);
        ta.exportExcel(listColumn, valueList,"D://outExcel.xls");

    }  

导出的结果：