类型转换as和判断is

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        checkAndCast()
    }
}

func checkAndCast() {
    var appleCount = 0
    var orangeCount = 0
    let apple1 = Apple(placeOfOriginal: "成都")
    let apple2 = Apple(placeOfOriginal: "陕西")
    let apple3 = Apple(placeOfOriginal: "西安")
    let orange1 = Orange(placeOfOriginal: "昆明")
    let orange2 = Orange(placeOfOriginal: "台北")
    //将其放到同一个篮子里，我们这里用数组表示篮子
    //"苹果的原产地是:成都""橙子的原产地是:昆明""苹果的原产地是:陕西""橙子的原产地是:台北""苹果的原产地是:西安"
    let basket = [apple1, orange1, apple2, orange2, apple3]
    for fruit in basket {
        //as? 类型转换 如果不确定是否转换成功就必须使用这个可选类型，这样即便不成功会返回nil，但是如果强制解封失败就会报错
        if let apple = fruit as? Apple {
            apple.description()
        } else if let orange = fruit as? Orange {
            orange.description()
        }
        //这里的is就是类型判断
        if fruit is Apple {
            appleCount += 1
        } else if fruit is Orange {
            orangeCount += 1
        }
    }
    debugPrint("一共有\(appleCount)个苹果和\(orangeCount)个橘子")
}

class Fruit {
    let placeOfOriginal:String
    init(placeOfOriginal: String) {
        self.placeOfOriginal = placeOfOriginal
    }
}

class Apple: Fruit {
    func description() {
        debugPrint("苹果的原产地是:\(placeOfOriginal)")
    }
}

class Orange: Fruit {
    func description() {
        debugPrint("橙子的原产地是:\(placeOfOriginal)")
    }
}