一、我的理解
空对象模式类似于给某个类设置默认行为,以应对当该对象为null值时有默认操作,避免程序报错。
二、实现方式
对象的生成采用工厂模式,工厂模式内部在创建对象实例时检查参数,如果参数可用则创建对应实例对象,否则创建一个空对象类(实际上是默认类的对象实例)
三、实例
Java实例
AbstractCustomer类:抽象客户类,工厂模式中会用到
package com.study.dp.nullobject;
public abstract class AbstractCustomer {
protected String name;
public abstract boolean isNil();
public abstract String getName();
}
RealCustomer类:真实的客户类,针对实际存在的客户会有相应的动作(这里为getName函数)
package com.study.dp.nullobject;
public class RealCustomer extends AbstractCustomer {
public RealCustomer(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public boolean isNil() {
return false;
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
NullCustomer类:空对象类,即如果客户不存在时生成的实例所属类
package com.study.dp.nullobject;
public class NullCustomer extends AbstractCustomer {
@Override
public boolean isNil() {
return true;
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return "Not Available in Customer Database";
}
}
CustomerFactory类:工厂模式,在生成实例对象时会检查客户姓名是否可用,如果不可用则返回空对象
package com.study.dp.nullobject;
public class CustomerFactory {
public static final String[] names = {"Rob", "Joe", "Julie"};
public static AbstractCustomer getCustomer(String name) {
for(int i=0; i<names.length; i++) {
if(names[i].equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
return new RealCustomer(name);
}
}
return new NullCustomer();
}
}
Demo类:测试
package com.study.dp.nullobject;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AbstractCustomer customer1 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Rob");
AbstractCustomer customer2 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Bob");
AbstractCustomer customer3 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Julie");
AbstractCustomer customer4 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Laura");
System.out.println("Customers");
System.out.println(customer1.getName());
System.out.println(customer2.getName());
System.out.println(customer3.getName());
System.out.println(customer4.getName());
}
}