一、我的理解
该模式是将其他形式表现的数据实体(比如存在数据库中的表)转换成编程可用的数据对象的形式。把低级的数据访问 API 或操作从高级的业务服务中分离出来。
二、实现方式
数据访问对象对外提供接口共高级业务获取数据对象,然后底层利用相关技术实现该接口。
三、实例
Java实例
Student类:转换后的数据对象类
package com.study.dp.dao;
public class Student {
private String name;
private int rollNo;
public Student(String name, int rollNo) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getRollNo() {
return rollNo;
}
public void setRollNo(int rollNo) {
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
}
StudentDao类:数据访问接口,供高级业务调用数据
package com.study.dp.dao;
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentDao {
public List<Student> getAllStudents();
public Student getStudent(int rollNo);
public void updateStudent(Student student);
public void deleteStudent(Student student);
}
StudentDaoImpl类:具体实现方式
package com.study.dp.dao;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
// 列表当做数据库
List<Student> students;
public StudentDaoImpl() {
students = new ArrayList<>();
Student student1 = new Student("Robert", 0);
Student student2 = new Student("John", 1);
students.add(student1);
students.add(student2);
}
@Override
public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
return students;
}
@Override
public Student getStudent(int rollNo) {
return students.get(rollNo);
}
@Override
public void updateStudent(Student student) {
students.get(student.getRollNo()).setName(student.getName());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No "+student.getRollNo()+", updated in the database");
}
@Override
public void deleteStudent(Student student) {
students.remove(student.getRollNo());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No "+student.getRollNo()+", deleted from database");
}
}
Demo类:测试用类
package com.study.dp.dao;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDaoImpl();
// 输出所有学生
for (Student student : studentDao.getAllStudents()) {
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() + " ]");
}
// 更新学生
Student student = studentDao.getAllStudents().get(0);
student.setName("Michael");
studentDao.updateStudent(student);
// 获取学生
studentDao.getStudent(0);
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() + " ]");
}
}