Spring MVC 学习日志6.文件下载+上传（多文件、多线程上传）（使用IDEA）

1、文件下载

（1）使用servlet api 原生实现下载

DownloadServlet.java

package cn.qqa.controllers;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@WebServlet
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获得当前项目路径下的下载文件（真实开发中文件名肯定是从数据中读取的）
        String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/file/1.jpg");
        //根据文件路径封装成File对象，方便获取文件名
        File tmpFile = new File(realPath);
        //可以根据File对象获得文件名
        String fileName = tmpFile.getName();
        System.out.println(fileName);
        //设置响应头 content-disposition:就是设置文件下载的打开方式，默认在网页打开，直接显示在网页上
        //设置attachment:filename=（附件）就是为了以下载方式来打开文件
        //UTF-8：防止中文乱码
        resp.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment:filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
        //根据文件路径，将文件封装成文件输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        int len = 0;
        //声明一个1KB的缓冲区
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //获取输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
        //循环读取文件，每次读1KB,避免内存溢出
        while ((len=fileInputStream.read(buffer))>0){
            //往客户端写入，将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端浏览器
            outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        fileInputStream.close();
    }
}

（2）基于springmvc ResponseEntity的文件下载，不支持缓冲区

DownloadController.java

package cn.qqa.controllers;

import com.sun.deploy.net.HttpResponse;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * 基于servlet api的文件下载
 */
@Controller
public class DownloadController {
    @RequestMapping("/download")
    public String download(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        //获得当前项目路径下的下载文件（真实开发中文件名肯定是从数据中读取的）
        String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/file/1.jpg");
        //根据文件路径封装成File对象，方便获取文件名
        File tmpFile = new File(realPath);
        //可以根据File对象获得文件名
        String fileName = tmpFile.getName();
        System.out.println(fileName);
        //设置响应头 content-disposition:就是设置文件下载的打开方式，默认在网页打开，直接显示在网页上
        //设置attachment:filename=（附件）就是为了以下载方式来打开文件
        //UTF-8：防止中文乱码
        resp.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
        //根据文件路径，将文件封装成文件输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        int len = 0;
        //声明一个1KB的缓冲区
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //获取输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
        //循环读取文件，每次读1KB,避免内存溢出
        while ((len=fileInputStream.read(buffer))>0){
            //往客户端写入，将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端浏览器
            outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        fileInputStream.close();
        return null;
    }
    /**
     * 基于springmvc ResponseEntity的文件下载 不支持缓冲区
     * ResponseEntity可以定制文件的响应内容，响应头，响应状态码
     */
    @RequestMapping("/responseEntity")
    public ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity(){
        String body = "Hello world";
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("Set-Cookie","name=qqa");
        return  new ResponseEntity<String>(body, headers, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/download02")
    public ResponseEntity<byte []> download02(HttpServletRequest req) throws Exception {
        //获得当前项目路径下的下载文件（真实开发中文件名肯定是从数据中读取的）
        String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/file/1.jpg");
        //根据文件路径封装成File对象，方便获取文件名
        File tmpFile = new File(realPath);
        //可以根据File对象获得文件名
        String fileName = tmpFile.getName();
        System.out.println(fileName);
        //设置响应头 content-disposition:就是设置文件下载的打开方式，默认在网页打开，直接显示在网页上
        //设置attachment:filename=（附件）就是为了以下载方式来打开文件
        //UTF-8：防止中文乱码
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
        //根据文件路径，将文件封装成文件输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        return  new ResponseEntity<byte []>(new byte[fileInputStream.available()], headers, HttpStatus.OK);
    }


}

2、文件上传 

Spring MVC 为文件上传提供了直接的支持，这种支持是通过即插即用的 MultipartResolver 实现的。Spring 用 Jakarta Commons FileUpload 技术实现了一个 MultipartResolver 实现类：CommonsMultipartResovler。

（1）配置pom文件，导入 MultipartResolver相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.qqa</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc_servlet</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--1.加入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 基于Jakarta commons-fileupload 的上传支持-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

（2）UploadController.java（单文件、多文件、多线程上传）

package cn.qqa.controllers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 *
 * 上传：
 *      会将文件上传到3个地方
 *          1.项目路径（使用项目小的情况，上传使用率低，容易丢失）
 *          2.磁盘路径（需要通过虚拟目录的映射）
 *          3.上传到静态资源服务器（CDN）
 */
@Controller
public class UploadController {
    /**
     * 基于springmvc MultipartResolver 的单文件上传
     * @param desc
     * @param myfile
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/upload01")
    public String upload01(String desc, MultipartFile myfile, Model model) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(myfile.getOriginalFilename());
        String path = "D:\\Youku Files\\"+myfile.getOriginalFilename();
        File file = new File(path);
        myfile.transferTo(file);
        model.addAttribute("filename", myfile.getOriginalFilename());
        return  "success";
    }

    /**
     * 基于springmvc MultipartResolver 的多文件上传
     * @param desc
     * @param myfile
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/upload02")
    public String upload02(String desc, MultipartFile [] myfile) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(desc);
        for(MultipartFile multipartFile:myfile){
            System.out.println(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());
            String path = "D:\\Youku Files\\"+multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
            File file = new File(path);
            multipartFile.transferTo(file);
        }
        return  "success";
    }

    /**
     * 基于springmvc MultipartResolver 的多文件上传--多线程
     * 多线程上传
     * @param desc
     * @param myfile
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/upload03")
    public String upload03(String desc, MultipartFile [] myfile) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        System.out.println(desc);
        for(MultipartFile multipartFile:myfile){
            //声明线程
            Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
                System.out.println(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());
                String path = "D:\\Youku Files\\" + multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
                File file = new File(path);
                try {
                    multipartFile.transferTo(file);
                }catch (IOException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
            thread.start();
            thread.join(); //让子线程执行完再执行主线程
        }
        return  "success";
    }

}

3、index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: lenovo
  Date: 2021/3/12
  Time: 19:09
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Download</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">下载文件</a>
  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload01" method="post">
    <p>文件描述:<input type="text" name="desc" /></p>
    <%--<p>文件:<input type="file" name="myfile" /></p>--%>
    <%--上传多个文件 设置multiple accept设置接收的文件类型--%>
    <p>文件:<input type="file" name="myfile" multiple accept="image/*"/></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="上传单个文件"></p>
  </form>
  <hr>
  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload03" method="post">
    <p>文件描述:<input type="text" name="desc" /></p>
    <%--<p>文件:<input type="file" name="myfile" /></p>--%>
    <%--上传多个文件 设置multiple accept设置接收的文件类型--%>
    <p>文件:<input type="file" name="myfile" multiple accept="image/*"/></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="上传多个文件"></p>
  </form>
  </body>
</html>

4、succes.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: lenovo
  Date: 2021/3/12
  Time: 21:13
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Upload sucess</title>
</head>
<body>
Upload success!!!
<img src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/img/${filename}">
</body>
</html>

5、配置虚拟目录的映射