itertools模块

itertools模块

• count函数
• circle函数
• repeat函数
• chain函数
• list函数
• dropwhile函数
• groupby函数
• islice函数
• product函数

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itertools.count(start=0, step=1)

计数器count

alist = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
for i in zip(count(1), alist):
    print(i)

(1, ‘a’)
(2, ‘b’)
(3, ‘c’)
(4, ‘d’)
(5, ‘e’)

itertools.cycle(iterable)

循环输出，直到你给定的停止条件

alist = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
a = 0
for item in cycle(alist):
        a = a+1
        if a == 12:
            break
        print(a, item)

2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e
6 a
7 b
8 c
9 d
10 e
11 a

itertools.repeat(object[, times])

重复生成object,可以指定次数

for i in repeat("object", 5):
    print(i)

object
object
object
object
object

itertools.chain(*iterables)

将两个列表生成单一的chain

for i in chain([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [{"a": 2}, {"f": 4}]):
    print(i)

1
2
3
4
5
{‘a’: 2}
{‘f’: 4}

itertools.compress(data, selectors)

过滤list

alist = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
for i in compress(alist,[1,0,0,1,1]):
    print(i)

a
d
e
9

itertools.dropwhile(predicate, iterable)

dropwhile,从头开始过滤，一旦第一个成功，输出后面所有。即在条件为false之后的第一次, 返回迭代器中剩下来的项.

for i in dropwhile(lambda x: x<5,[9,63,5,7,1,2,9]):
    print(i)

9
63
5
7
1
2
9

itertools.groupby(iterable[, key])

groupby 分组,可以自定义函数，按照你函数输出结果进行分组

for i, k in groupby(['aa', 'bb', 'zxc', 'sdf', 'eeee', 'fffff'], len):
    print(i, list(k))

def out_prenum(x):
    return str(x)[0]

for i, k in groupby([22, 23, 24, 12, 14, 11, 56, 57], out_prenum):
    print(i,list(k))

2 [‘aa’, ‘bb’]
3 [‘zxc’, ‘sdf’]
4 [‘eeee’]
5 [‘fffff’]
2 [22, 23, 24]
1 [12, 14, 11]
5 [56, 57]

itertools.islice(iterable, stop)

islice 列表的起始，结尾，步长

for i in islice([22, 23, 24, 12, 14, 11, 56, 57], 2, 6, 2):
    print(i)

24
14

itertools.product(*iterables[, repeat])

product 生成序列产品

for i in product([1,2,3],[‘a’,’b’,’c’]):
print(i)

(1, ‘a’)
(1, ‘b’)
(1, ‘c’)
(2, ‘a’)
(2, ‘b’)
(2, ‘c’)
(3, ‘a’)
(3, ‘b’)
(3, ‘c’)