Given a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes' values.

For example:
Given binary tree{1,#,2,3},

   1
    \
     2
    /
   3

return[1,2,3].

Note: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

/**

  * Definition for binary tree

  * public class TreeNode {

  *     int val;

  *     TreeNode left;

  *     TreeNode right;

  *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }

  * }

  */

import java.util.ArrayList;

 

public class Solution {

     public ArrayList<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {

         ArrayList<Integer> list =  new ArrayList<Integer>();

         if (root ==  null ){

             return list;

         }

         test(root,list);

         return list;

     }

     

     public void test(TreeNode node,ArrayList<Integer> list){

         list.add(node.val);

         if (node.left !=  null ){

             test(node.left,list);

         }

         if (node.right !=  null ){

             test(node.right,list);

         }

     }

}

非递归

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Stack;
public class Solution {
    public ArrayList<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
          ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
      Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
      if (root == null) return list;
      stack.push(root);
      while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
          TreeNode node = stack.pop();
          list.add( node.val);//每次插入到头部
          
          if (node.right != null) stack.push(node.right);
          if (node.left != null) stack.push(node.left);
      }
      return list;
    }
     
}