Debian installation

Installation

• Download iso from Debian.
• Write USB from iso. Boot enabled.
• Alongside Windows or not.
• Free space on HD for new partitions.
• Boot with USB and install. During partition configuration, check all info and continue (no need to check technologies you don’t know).
• apt full-upgrade to make system version upgrades

XWindows

• I installed Debian with GNOME as desktop. It is slow. apt-get install lxdeto install LXDE. Upon login, choose between them with the gear icon.
• In GNOME, configure the user to be administrator to enable sudo for it.
  apt-get remove gnome-coreto remove GNOME. apt autoremove
  to remove apps without dependency.
• boot into command line. to switch back to xwindow (LXTE), use “graphical.target”
  sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
  REF: boot into command line
• LXDE autologin.
  change “autologin-user=” in /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
  and maybe set “autologin-user-timeout=0”
  REF: get Lightdm autologin working

Software Sources, Language and locale

It is safe to choose one in China and disable the global servers. Global servers may cause infinite refreshing with graphical configurations.

• sudo dpkg-reconfigure localesto change language. Add English and Chinese.

according to Debian fcitx5 wiki, only need to
sudo apt install --install-recommends fcitx5 fcitx5-chinese-addons and im-config
NOTE that relogging into xwindows is necessary.

• sudo apt-get install fcitx5-config-qt fcitx5-frontend-qt5 libfcitx5-qt-data libfcitx5-qt1 libfcitx5config6 libfcitx5core7 libfcitx5gclient1 libfcitx5utils2 fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5 fcitx5-chinese-addons-bin fcitx5-chinese-addons-data fcitx5-data fcitx5-frontend-gtk2 fcitx5-frontend-gtk3 fcitx5-module-pinyinhelper fcitx5-module-punctuation fcitx5-modules fcitx5-pinyin fcitx5-table
• sudo apt-get install im-config zenity to install IME config for GUI and im-config to check configurations (a warning is not an issue?)
• under Preferences menu, use Fcitx 5 Configuration to add Chinese IME
• ~/.xinputrc is generated by im-config, if update chosen, which is not recommended.

run_im fcitx5

REF. Debian10 更换软件源 & 配置中文环境 & 安装中文输入法
sudo -e /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

or https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
bullseye
sudo apt-get install fcitx fcitx-sunpinyin fcitx-table-all fcitx-frontend-all fcitx-ui-classic fcitx-ui-light fcitx-config-gtk3

softwares from Debian

• zsh, zsh-autosuggestions, zsh-syntax-highlighting
• autojump
• dos2unix
• hplip, simple-scan: for HP printer
• thefuck
• tig
• tree
• neovim (-qt), python3, and python3-pynvim, python3-neovim

vim/neovim

apt-get install xclipclipman may be also needed. clipit is also a candidate.
Neovim uses nvim dir under $XDG_CONFIG_HOME=~/.config for (g-)init.vim, etc. .local/share/nvim is to store data files, for plugged by default.

gcc

apt-get install build-essential to install all necessary tools.

Python

Using package provided by Debian is better.

1. Download source
2. ./configure --enable-optimizations
3. nprocto check no. of cores
4. make -jno. of cores
5. make altinstallsince python 2.7 is built-in with Debian.

zsh & oh-my-zshell

• chsh -s /bin/zsh set zsh as default
• create ~/.xsessionrc with following to include it with such as zsh
  . ~/.profile
  
  Using packages provided by Debian is better.
• thefuck: ifpip install thefuckcomplains python header not found, install python3.9-dev or similar

github

知乎提及的几个方法中最有效的是
GitHub520先静态修改/etc/hosts（之后不必重启，rcnscd也找不到），再装
SwitchHosts实现自动更新。
从Sourceforge安装SwitchHosts的镜像，定期更新地址：
get its IP from https://github.com.ipaddress.com/ or https://raw.hellogithub.com/hosts or https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/521xueweihan/GitHub520@main/hosts

install code by autotools without root

./configure --prefix=$HOME && make && make install

deb installation

sudo dpkg -i