Android学习之简单的拍照功能

本博客源码：Android学习之简单的拍照功能      http://download.csdn.net/detail/bq1073100909/7721211

本代码里面有详细注释，就不再进行讲解，按照步骤一步一步来，并不难懂。

图片保存路径因手机不同而不同，我没有使用系统提供的接口来获取路径，而是使用我手机的/mnt/sdcard2，推荐使用系统提供的接口，在前面的Android博客里面已经使用。

CameraDemo.java

代码：

package org.dyb.camera;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.ColorMatrixColorFilter;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.AutoFocusCallback;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.hardware.Camera.ShutterCallback;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class CameraDemo extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {

	private SurfaceView mPreviewSV = null; //预览SurfaceView
	private SurfaceHolder mySurfaceHolder = null;
	private AutoFocusCallback myAutoFocusCallback = null;
	private ImageButton mPhotoImgBtn = null;
	private Camera myCamera = null;
	private boolean isPreview = false;
	private Bitmap mBitmap = null;
	private String tag="camera";
	
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		//设置全屏无标题
		requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
		Window myWindow = this.getWindow(); 
		int flag = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN;
		myWindow.setFlags(flag, flag);
		
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_photo);
		
		
		//初始化SurfaceView
		mPreviewSV = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.previewSV);
		mySurfaceHolder = mPreviewSV.getHolder();
		mySurfaceHolder.setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);//translucent半透明 transparent透明
		mySurfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
		mySurfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
		//自动聚焦变量回调
		myAutoFocusCallback = new AutoFocusCallback() {
			@Override
			public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
				if(success)//success表示对焦成功
				{
					Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "autofocus success", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
				}
				else
				{
					Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "autofocus false", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
				}

			}
		};
		
		
		mPhotoImgBtn = (ImageButton)findViewById(R.id.photoImgBtn);
		//手动设置拍照ImageButton的大小为120×120,原图片大小是64×64
		LayoutParams lp = mPhotoImgBtn.getLayoutParams();
		lp.width = 120;
		lp.height = 120;		
		mPhotoImgBtn.setLayoutParams(lp);	
		mPhotoImgBtn.setOnClickListener(new PhotoOnClickListener());
		mPhotoImgBtn.setOnTouchListener(new MyOnTouchListener());
	}
	
	
	
	// SurfaceView启动时/初次实例化，预览界面被创建时，该方法被调用。
	@Override
	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		myCamera = Camera.open();
		try {
			myCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mySurfaceHolder);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			if(null != myCamera){
				myCamera.release();
				myCamera = null;
			}
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	// 当SurfaceView/预览界面的格式和大小发生改变时，该方法被调用
	@Override
	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
			int height) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		initCamera();
	}

	private void initCamera() {
		if(isPreview){
			myCamera.stopPreview();
		}
		
		if(myCamera != null){
			Camera.Parameters myParam = myCamera.getParameters();
			//			//查询屏幕的宽和高
			//			WindowManager wm = (WindowManager)getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
			//			Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();
			//			Log.i(tag, "屏幕宽度："+display.getWidth()+" 屏幕高度:"+display.getHeight());
			myParam.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//设置拍照后存储的图片格式
			//查询camera支持的picturesize和previewsize
			//			List<Size> pictureSizes = myParam.getSupportedPictureSizes();
			//			List<Size> previewSizes = myParam.getSupportedPreviewSizes();
			//			for(int i=0; i<pictureSizes.size(); i++){
			//				Size size = pictureSizes.get(i);
			//				Log.i(tag, "initCamera:摄像头支持的pictureSizes: width = "+size.width+"height = "+size.height);
			//			}
			//			for(int i=0; i<previewSizes.size(); i++){
			//				Size size = previewSizes.get(i);
			//				Log.i(tag, "initCamera:摄像头支持的previewSizes: width = "+size.width+"height = "+size.height);
			//
			//			}
			//设置大小和方向等参数
			myParam.setPictureSize(1280, 960);
			myParam.setPreviewSize(960, 720);	
			//myParam.set("rotation", 90);  			
			myCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);  
			myParam.setFocusMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_VIDEO);
			myCamera.setParameters(myParam);			
			myCamera.startPreview();
			myCamera.autoFocus(myAutoFocusCallback);
			isPreview = true;
		}
	}


	//销毁时被调用
	@Override
	public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.i(tag, "SurfaceHolder.Callback：Surface Destroyed");
		if(null != myCamera){
			myCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); /*在启动PreviewCallback时这个必须在前不然退出出错。这里实际上注释掉也没关系*/
			myCamera.stopPreview(); 
			isPreview = false; 
			myCamera.release();
			myCamera = null;     
		}
	}

	
	private class PhotoOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			if(isPreview && myCamera!=null){
				myCamera.takePicture(myShutterCallback, null, myJpegCallback);	
			}
		}
		
	}
	/*为了使图片按钮按下和弹起状态不同，采用过滤颜色的方法.按下的时候让图片颜色变淡*/
	public class MyOnTouchListener implements OnTouchListener{

		public final  float[] BT_SELECTED=new float[]
				{ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2,
			0, 2, 0, 0, 2,
			0, 0, 2, 0, 2,
			0, 0, 0, 1, 0 };			    

		public final float[] BT_NOT_SELECTED=new float[]
				{ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
			0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
			0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
			0, 0, 0, 1, 0 };
		public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			if(event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN){
				v.getBackground().setColorFilter(new ColorMatrixColorFilter(BT_SELECTED));
				v.setBackgroundDrawable(v.getBackground());
			}
			else if(event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP){
				v.getBackground().setColorFilter(new ColorMatrixColorFilter(BT_NOT_SELECTED));
				v.setBackgroundDrawable(v.getBackground());
				
			}
			return false;
		}

	}
	
	
	/*为了实现拍照的快门声音及拍照保存照片需要下面三个回调变量*/
	ShutterCallback myShutterCallback = new ShutterCallback() 
	//快门按下的回调，在这里我们可以设置类似播放“咔嚓”声之类的操作。默认的就是咔嚓。
	{

		public void onShutter() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.i(tag, "myShutterCallback:onShutter...");

		}
	};
	PictureCallback myRawCallback = new PictureCallback() 
	// 拍摄的未压缩原数据的回调,可以为null
	{

		public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.i(tag, "myRawCallback:onPictureTaken...");

		}
	};
	PictureCallback myJpegCallback = new PictureCallback() 
	//对jpeg图像数据的回调,最重要的一个回调
	{

		public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.i(tag, "myJpegCallback:onPictureTaken...");
			if(null != data){
				mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);//data是字节数据，将其解析成位图
				myCamera.stopPreview();
				isPreview = false;
			}
			//设置FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_VIDEO)之后，myParam.set("rotation", 90)失效。图片竟然不能旋转了，故这里要旋转下
			Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
			matrix.postRotate((float)90.0);
			Bitmap rotaBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, mBitmap.getWidth(), mBitmap.getHeight(), matrix, false);
			//保存图片到sdcard
			if(null != rotaBitmap)
			{
				saveJpeg(rotaBitmap);
			}
			//再次进入预览
			myCamera.startPreview();
			isPreview = true;
		}

		private void saveJpeg(Bitmap rotaBitmap) {
			String savePath = "/mnt/sdcard2/rectPhoto/";
			File folder = new File(savePath);
			if(!folder.exists()) //如果文件夹不存在则创建
			{
				folder.mkdir();
			}
			long dataTake = System.currentTimeMillis();
			String jpegName = savePath + dataTake +".jpg";
			Log.i(tag, "saveJpeg:jpegName--" + jpegName);
			//File jpegFile = new File(jpegName);
			try {
				FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(jpegName);
				BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fout);

				//			//如果需要改变大小(默认的是宽960×高1280),如改成宽600×高800
				//			Bitmap newBM = rotaBitmap.createScaledBitmap(rotaBitmap, 600, 800, false);

				rotaBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);
				bos.flush();
				bos.close();
				Log.i(tag, "saveJpeg：存储完毕！");
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				Log.i(tag, "saveJpeg:存储失败！");
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	};
	
	@Override
	public void onBackPressed()
	//无意中按返回键时要释放内存
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onBackPressed();
		CameraDemo.this.finish();
	}


}

activity_photo.xml布局文件代码：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/wish"
        tools:context=".RectPhoto" />
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        >

        <SurfaceView
            android:id="@+id/previewSV"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="800px"/>
        
    </FrameLayout>
    
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/photoImgBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@drawable/photo_img_btn"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    
</LinearLayout>

全局配置文件：

AndroidManifest.xml

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="org.dyb.camera"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="18" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".CameraDemo"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_rect_photo" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        
    </application>
    <!-- 增加文件存储和访问摄像头的权限 -->
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
     <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
</manifest>