设计模式（十）组合模式

一.定义与类型

1.定义:将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构

组合模式使客户端对单个对象和组合对象保持一致的方式处理

2.类型：结构型

二.适用场景

1.希望客户端可以忽略组合对象与单个对象的差异时

2.处理一个树形结构

三.优点

1.清楚地定义分层次的复杂对象，表示对象的全部或部分层次

2.让客户的忽略了层次的差异，方便对整个层次结构进行控制

3.简化客户端代码

4.符合开闭原则

四.缺点

1.限制类型时会较为复杂

2.使设计变得更加抽象

五.UML

六.代码

CatalogComponent.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.composite;

public abstract class CatalogComponent {
    public void add(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
    }
    public void remove(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持删除操作");
    }
    public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持获取名称操作");
    }
    public double getPrice(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持获取价格操作");
    }
    public void print(){
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持打印操作");
    }
}

Course.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.composite;

public class Course extends CatalogComponent {
    private String name;
    private double price;

    public Course(String name, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
        return this.name;
    }

    @Override
    public double getPrice(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
        return this.price;
    }

    @Override
    public void print() {
        System.out.println("Course Name:" + name + " Price:" + price);
    }
}

CourseCatalog.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.composite;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CourseCatalog extends CatalogComponent {
    private List<CatalogComponent> catalogComponentList = new ArrayList<CatalogComponent>();
    private String name;
    private Integer level;

    public CourseCatalog(String name, Integer level) {
        this.name = name;
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    public void add(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
        catalogComponentList.add(catalogComponent);
    }

    @Override
    public void remove(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
        catalogComponentList.remove(catalogComponent);
    }

    @Override
    public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
        return this.name;
    }

    @Override
    public void print() {
        System.out.println(this.name);
        for (CatalogComponent catalogComponent: catalogComponentList){
            if (this.level != null){
                for (int i = 0; i < this.level; i ++){
                    System.out.print(" ");
                }
            }

            catalogComponent.print();
        }
    }
}

Test.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.composite;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CatalogComponent linuxCourse = new Course("linux课程",11);
        CatalogComponent windowsCourse = new Course("windows课程",11);

        CatalogComponent javaCatalogComponent = new CourseCatalog("java课程目录",2);
        CatalogComponent mmallCourse1 = new Course("java电商一期",55);
        CatalogComponent mmallCourse2 = new Course("java电商二期",66);
        CatalogComponent designPattern = new Course("java设计模式",77);
        javaCatalogComponent.add(mmallCourse1);
        javaCatalogComponent.add(mmallCourse2);
        javaCatalogComponent.add(designPattern);

        CatalogComponent imoocMainCourseCatalog = new CourseCatalog("慕课网课程主目录",1);
        imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(linuxCourse);
        imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(windowsCourse);
        imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(javaCatalogComponent);
        imoocMainCourseCatalog.print();
    }
}