mars android开发之十二：socket编程

一.什么是socket

1.所谓的socket通常也称作"套接字"，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄。

2.应用程序通常通过"套接字"向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。

二.tcp协议

Server端

AndroidMainifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.tcpsocketserver"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.tcpsocketserver.SocketActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_socket.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".SocketActivity" >

    <Button android:id="@+id/startListenerButton"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="启动监听线程"/>

</RelativeLayout>

SocketActivity.java

package com.example.tcpsocketserver;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class SocketActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_socket);
        Button startButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startListenerButton);
        startButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                new ServerThread().start();
            }
        });
    }

    class ServerThread extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
            System.out.println("22222222222");
            try {
                serverSocket = new ServerSocket(4567);
                System.out.println("33333333333333");
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("444444444");
                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                byte buffer[] = new byte[1024 * 4];
                int temp = 0;
                while ((temp = inputStream.read()) != -1) {
                    System.out.println(new String(buffer,0,temp));
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (serverSocket != null) {
                    try {
                        serverSocket.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Client端

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.tcpclient"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.tcpclient.TCPClientActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_tcpclient.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".TCPClientActivity" >

    <Button android:id="@+id/startListenerButton"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="tcp数据发送"/>

</RelativeLayout>

TCPClientActivity.java

package com.example.tcpclient;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class TCPClientActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_tcpclient);
        Button startButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startListenerButton);
        startButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                new ClientThread().start();
            }
        });
    }
    class ClientThread extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try{
                System.out.println("1111111111");
                Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.7",4567);
                InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("storage/sdcard0/1.txt");
                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                byte buffer[] = new byte[4*1024];
                int temp = 0;
                while((temp=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                    outputStream.write(buffer,0,temp);
                }
                System.out.println("buffer-->" + new String(buffer));
                outputStream.flush();
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

三.udp协议

server端

AndroidMainifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.udpserversocket"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.udpserversocket.SocketActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_socket.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".SocketActivity" >

    <Button android:id="@+id/serversocket"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="服务端接收"/>

</RelativeLayout>

SocketActivity.java

package com.example.udpserversocket;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class SocketActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_socket);
        Button serverSocketButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.serversocket);
        serverSocketButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                new ServerThread().start();
            }
        });
    }

    class ServerThread extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //创建一个DatagramSocket对象，并且指定监听的端口号
                DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(4567);
                System.out.println("111111111111111");
                byte data[] = new byte[1024];
                System.out.println("22222222222222222");
                //创建一个空的DatagramPacket对象
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
                System.out.println("3333333333333333");
                //使用receive方法接收客户端发送的数据
                socket.receive(packet);
                String result = new String(packet.getData(),packet.getOffset(),packet.getLength());
                System.out.println("result11-->" + result);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            
        }
    }
}

client端

AndroidMainifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.udpclientsocket"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.udpclientsocket.SocketActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_socket.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".SocketActivity" >

    <Button android:id="@+id/clientsocket"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="客户端发送"/>

</RelativeLayout>

SocketActivity.java

package com.example.udpclientsocket;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class SocketActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_socket);
        Button clientSocketButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clientsocket);
        clientSocketButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View arg0) {
                new ClientThread().start();
            }
        });
    }

    class ClientThread extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //首先创建一个DatagramSocket对象，这里不需要指定端口号
                DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
                //创建一个InetAddress
                InetAddress serverAddress = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
                String str = "hello";
                byte data[] = str.getBytes();
                //创建一个DatagramPacket对象，并制定要将这个数据包发送到的网络当中的哪个地址，以及端口号
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,serverAddress,4567);
                //调用socket对象的send方法，发送数据
                socket.send(packet);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}