1.1【数据结构】列表，字典，集合筛选数据

取非负数

1.普通迭代每一项
data = [1,5,-3,-2,6,0,9]
res = []
for x in data:
if x >= 0:
res.append(x)
print res

2.python中其他做法
列表：
filter函数：filter(lambda x:x>=0,data)
列表解析：[x for x in data if x>=0]
字典：
字典解析：{k:v for k,v in d.iteritems() if v>= 0}
集合：
集合解析：{x for x in data if x>=0}

2.1列表
from random import randint

data = [randint(-10,10) for _ in xrange(10)]
#python2.x --> xrange()
#python3.x --> range()
#data = [2,2,-3,-5,6,3,7,8,7,5]

#filter方式
res = filter(lambda x: x>=0,data)

#列表解析
res = [for x in data if x>=0]

timeit filter(lambda x: x>=0,data) # 909ns
timeit [for x in data if x>=0] # 455ns
#列表解析方式更快，首选—这俩都远快于普通迭代

2.2字典
data = {x:randint(-10,10) for x in xrange(1,21)}
#data = {1:-5,2:3,…}

res = {k:v for k,v in data.iteritems() if v >=0}

2.3集合
data = [2,2,-3,-5,9,6,7,5,8,7]
d = set(data)# {-5,-3,2,5,6,7,8,9}
res = {x for x in d if x>=0}