【MyBatis】MyBatis基本用法

别倒在黎明之前

已于 2023-08-26 23:27:18 修改

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文章标签： mybatis

于 2023-07-24 19:35:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/c1390527393/article/details/131902524

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一、概述

MyBatis 是一个开源、轻量级的数据持久化框架，是 JDBC 和 Hibernate 的替代方案。MyBatis 内部封装了 JDBC，简化了加载驱动、创建连接、创建 statement 等繁杂的过程，开发者只需要关注 SQL 语句本身。

什么是持久化？
数据持久化是将内存中的数据模型转换为存储模型，以及将存储模型转换为内存中数据模型的统称。例如，文件的存储、数据的读取以及对数据表的增删改查等都是数据持久化操作。

MyBatis 支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射，可以在实体类和 SQL 语句之间建立mapping映射关系，是一种半自动化的 ORM 实现。其封装性低于 Hibernate，但性能优秀、小巧、简单易学、应用广泛。

什么是ORM？
ORM（Object Relational Mapping，对象关系映射）是一种数据持久化技术，它在对象模型和关系型数据库之间建立起对应关系，并且提供了一种机制，通过 JavaBean 对象去操作数据库表中的数据。

当然需要导入依赖包
官网地址：https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3/releases

二、SQL映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.apesource.mapper.WebsiteMapper">
  <!-- 添加一个网站 -->
  <insert id="insertWebsite" parameterType="com.apesource.entity.Website">
    insert into website
    (name,url,age,country)
    values(#{name},#{url},#{age},#{country})
  </insert>
  
  <!-- 查询所有网站信息 -->
  <select id="selectAllWebsite"
          resultType="com.apesource.entity.Website">
    select * from website
  </select>
</mapper>

三、核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
      <!-- 日志 -->  
      <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J" />
    </settings>
  
    <!-- 配置mybatis运行环境 -->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <!-- 使用JDBC的事务管理 -->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!-- MySQL数据库驱动 -->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver" />
                <!-- 连接数据库的URL -->
                <property name="url"
                    value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my_db?charset=utf8mb4&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useTimezone=true&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8" />
                <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="......" />
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
  
    <!-- 将mapper文件加入到配置文件中 -->
    <mappers>
<!--        按照路径加载-->
<!--        <mapper resource="com/cc/mapper/WebsiteMapper.xml" />-->
<!--        <mapper resource="com/cc/mapper/UserMapper.xml" />-->

<!--        按照包路径加载-->
<!--        <mapper class="com.cc.mapper.UserMapper"/>-->
<!--        <mapper class="com.cc.mapper.WebsiteMapper"/>-->

<!--        将该包类所有加载啊-->
        <package name="com.cc.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

四、日志文件

注意改包名

# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR,stdout

# MyBatis logging configuration...
log4j.logger.com.cc=DEBUG

# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

五、MyBatisUtils工具类

public class MyBatisUtils {
	private static SqlSessionFactory factory = null;

	static {
		String config = "mybatis-config.xml";
		try {
			InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);
			factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
		SqlSession sqlSession = null;
		if (factory != null) {
			sqlSession = factory.openSession();
		}
		return sqlSession;
	}
}

六、一些简单的查询案例

website实体类

public class Website {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String url;
	private int age;
	private int alexa;
	private int uv;
	private String country;
	

	public String getCountry() {
		return country;
	}
	public void setCountry(String country) {
		this.country = country;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}
	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public int getAlexa() {
		return alexa;
	}
	public void setAlexa(int alexa) {
		this.alexa = alexa;
	}
	public int getUv() {
		return uv;
	}
	public void setUv(int uv) {
		this.uv = uv;
	}


	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Website{" +
				"id=" + id +
				", name='" + name + '\'' +
				", url='" + url + '\'' +
				", age=" + age +
				", alexa=" + alexa +
				", uv=" + uv +
				", country='" + country + '\'' +
				'}';
	}
}

WebsiteMapper接口

public interface WebsiteMapper {
//    添加一个网站
    int insertWebsite(Website website);
//查询所有网站信息
    List<Website> selectAllWebsite();
//根据name模糊查询
    List<Website> selectWebsiteLikeName(String name);
//根据age区间查询
    List<Website> selectWebsiteBetweenAge(@Param("ParamBegin") int begin,@Param("ParamEnd")int end);
//模糊 分段查询
    List<Website> selectWebsiteLikeCondition(WebsiteCondition websiteCondition);
//返回一个结果
    int selectWebsiteCount();
//返回一条记录 多个结果
    Map<String,Integer> selectWebsiteInfo1();
//返回多条记录
    List<Map<String,?>> selectWebsiteInfo2();
}

WebsiteMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.cc.mapper.WebsiteMapper">
    <!-- 添加一个网站 -->
    <insert id="insertWebsite" parameterType="com.cc.entity.Website">
        insert into website
            (name,url,age,country,alexa,uv)
        values(#{name},#{url},#{age},#{country},#{alexa},#{uv})
    </insert>

    <!-- 查询所有网站信息 -->
    <select id="selectAllWebsite"
            resultType="com.cc.entity.Website">
        select * from website
    </select>

<!--    根据name模糊查询-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteLikeName" resultType="com.cc.entity.Website" parameterType="string">
        select * from website where name like concat('%',#{name},'%')
    </select>

<!--    根据age区间查询-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteBetweenAge" resultType="com.cc.entity.Website" >
        select * from Website where age  between #{ParamBegin} and #{ParamEnd}
    </select>

<!--    模糊 分段查询-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteLikeCondition" resultType="com.cc.entity.Website" parameterType="com.cc.entity.condition.WebsiteCondition">
        select  * from Website
        where name like concat('%',#{name},'%') or
              url like concat('%',#{url},'%') or
              age between #{ageBegin} and #{ageEnd} or
              alexa between #{alexaBegin} and #{alexaEnd} or
              uv between #{uvBegin} and #{uvEnd} or
              country = #{country}
    </select>

<!--    聚合函数-->
<!--    返回一个结果-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteCount" resultType="int">
        select count(id) from Website
    </select>


<!--    返回一条记录 多个结果-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteInfo1" resultType="map">
        select count(id) as count,max(uv) as max,min(uv) as min,avg(uv) as avg from Website
    </select>

<!--    返回多条记录-->
    <select id="selectWebsiteInfo2" resultType="map">
        select count(id) as count,max(uv) as max,min(uv) as min,avg(uv) as avg from Website group by country
    </select>
</mapper>

七、联合查询案例

User实体类

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
    private List<Order> orderList;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", orderList=" + orderList + "]";
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public List<Order> getOrderList() {
        return orderList;
    }

    public void setOrderList(List<Order> orderList) {
        this.orderList = orderList;
    }
}

Product实体类

public class Product {
    private int pid;
    private String name;
    private Double price;
    private List<Order> orders;

    public int getPid() {
        return pid;
    }

    public void setPid(int pid) {
        this.pid = pid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public List<Order> getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }

    public void setOrders(List<Order> orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product [id=" + pid + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
    }
}

Order实体类

public class Order {
    private int orderid;
    private int ordernum;
    private User user;
    private List<Product> products;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public List<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }

    public void setProducts(List<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Order{" +
                "orderid=" + orderid +
                ", ordernum=" + ordernum +
                ", user=" + user +
                '}';
    }

    public int getOrderid() {
        return orderid;
    }

    public void setOrderid(int orderid) {
        this.orderid = orderid;
    }

    public int getOrdernum() {
        return ordernum;
    }

    public void setOrdernum(int ordernum) {
        this.ordernum = ordernum;
    }
}

UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
    //根据id查询User 分布查询多个订单
    public User selectUserOrderById1(int id);
    //根据id 一次查询多个订单
    public User selectUserOrderById2(int id);
}

UserMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.cc.mapper.UserMapper">
    <resultMap type="com.cc.entity.User" id="userResultMap1">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="name" column="name" />
        <result property="pwd" column="pwd" />
        <!-- 一对多级联查询，ofType表示集合中的元素类型，将id传递给selectOrderById -->
        <collection property="orderList"
                    ofType="com.cc.entity.Order" column="id"
                    select="com.cc.mapper.OrderMapper.selectOrderById" />
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectUserOrderById1" parameterType="Integer"
            resultMap="userResultMap1">
        select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>



    <resultMap type="com.cc.entity.User"
               id="userResultMap2">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="name" column="name" />
        <result property="pwd" column="pwd" />
        <!-- 一对多级联查询，ofType表示集合中的元素类型 -->
        <collection property="orderList"
                    ofType="com.cc.entity.Order">
            <id property="orderid" column="orderid" />
            <result property="ordernum" column="ordernum" />
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectUserOrderById2" parameterType="Integer"
            resultMap="userResultMap2">
        SELECT u.*,o.orderid,o.ordernum FROM `user` u
        INNER JOIN `order_info` o ON o.userId = u.id
        WHERE u.id=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper {
    //根据用户id查询所有订单
    List<Order> selectOrderById(int userId);

    //根据订单id查询用户 所有商品 
    Order selectOrderByOrderId(int orderId);

}

OrderMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.cc.mapper.OrderMapper">
    <!-- 根据用户编号，查询该用户的所有订单 -->
    <select id="selectOrderById"
            resultType="com.cc.entity.Order" parameterType="Integer">
        SELECT * FROM order_info where userId =#{id}
    </select>


    <resultMap id="orderResultMap" type="com.cc.entity.Order">
        <id property="orderid" column="orderid"/>
        <result property="ordernum" column="ordernum"/>
        <association property="user" javaType="com.cc.entity.User">
            <id property="id" column="id"/>
            <result property="name" column="name"/>
            <result property="pwd" column="pwd"/>
        </association>

        <collection property="products" ofType="com.cc.entity.Product">
            <id property="pid" column="pid"/>
            <result property="name" column="pname"/>
            <result property="price" column="price"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectOrderByOrderId"  resultMap="orderResultMap">
        SELECT oi.*,u.*,p.pid as pid,p.name as pname,p.price as price
        FROM order_info AS oi
        JOIN user AS u ON u.id=oi.userId
        JOIN order_detail AS od ON od.order_id =oi.orderid
        JOIN product_info AS p ON p.pid = od.product_id
        WHERE oi.orderid = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

测试类

public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        try (SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession()) {
//            UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//            User user = userMapper.selectUserOrderById2(2);
//            System.out.println("用户姓名:" + user.getName());
//            System.out.println("订单总数:" + user.getOrderList().size());
//            System.out.println("订单详情:" + user.getOrderList());
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }

        try(SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession()){
            OrderMapper orderMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
            // 按照订单查询订单信息及用户信息
            Order order =  orderMapper.selectOrderByOrderId(2);

            System.out.println("订单编号：" + order.getOrdernum());
            System.out.println("订单用户：" + order.getUser().getName());
            System.out.println("订单中的商品列表");
            for (Product product : order.getProducts()) {
                System.out.println(product);
            }
        }
    }
}

别倒在黎明之前

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【MyBatis】MyBatis基本用法

MyBatis 是一个开源、轻量级的数据持久化框架，是 JDBC 和 Hibernate 的替代方案。MyBatis 内部封装了 JDBC，简化了加载驱动、创建连接、创建 statement 等繁杂的过程，开发者只需要关注 SQL 语句本身。什么是持久化？数据持久化是将内存中的数据模型转换为存储模型，以及将存储模型转换为内存中数据模型的统称。例如，文件的存储、数据的读取以及对数据表的增删改查等都是数据持久化操作。
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