ios-使用Xib加载或Storyboard加载控制器(视图)

在ios中，一般建议使用代码布局，因为使用代码布局，后期维护容易，拓展容易，并且可以实现动态加载很多数据，但如果你对代码布局觉得繁琐，觉得Xib布局或者Storyboard布局比较方便适合你，那也不是不可以使用，下面来详细介绍Xib布局和Storyboard布局，本文只介绍布局搭建，关于动作响应和事件处理不会涉及：

1、Xib加载：

// 假如，在App启动时，我想给window加载一个视图控制器作为根控制器，这个视图控制器所带的视图(view)，使用Xib加载
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    KFViewController *kfViewCtl = [[KFViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"KFViewController" bundle:nil];
    
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    self.window.rootViewController = kfViewCtl;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

自定义视图控制器类：

//
//  KFViewController.h
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface KFViewController : UIViewController

@end

//
//  KFViewController.m
//  
#import "KFViewController.h"

@interface KFViewController ()

@end

@implementation KFViewController

- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
        // Custom initialization
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

/*
#pragma mark - Navigation

// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender
{
    // Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
    // Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/

@end

新建Xib文件，Xib文件的名称可以随意起名：

Xib文件创建好后，点击该Xib文件，设置如下：

也就是：

1、点击KFViewController.xib -> File's Owner -> 身份检查器 -> Class -> KFViewController

2、点击File's Owner -> 按住"Ctrl"按键不放 -> 鼠标左键按住不放，拖动到"View" -> 选中view

至此，Xib布局已经全部搭建好，在View当中，你就可以按照你的所想来拖放你所想要的控件来布局了。

2、Storyboard加载：

// 假如，在App启动时，我想给window加载一个视图控制器作为根控制器，这个视图控制器所带的视图(view)，使用Storyboard加载
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    UIStoryboard *storyBoard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"MainStoryboard" bundle:nil];
    KFViewController *viewCtl = [storyBoard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"KFViewCtl"];
    
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    self.window.rootViewController = viewCtl;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

自定义视图控制器类：

//
//  KFViewController.h
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface KFViewController : UIViewController

@end

//
//  KFViewController.m
//  
#import "KFViewController.h"

@interface KFViewController ()

@end

@implementation KFViewController

- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
        // Custom initialization
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

/*
#pragma mark - Navigation

// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender
{
    // Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
    // Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/

@end

新建Storyboard文件，Storyboard文件的名称可以随意起名：

Storyboard文件创建好后，点击该Storyboard文件，设置如下：

也就是：

1、点击MainStoryboard.storyboard -> View Controller -> 身份检查器 -> Class -> KFViewController

2、Identity -> Storyboard ID -> 填入该控制器的唯一标识

至此，Storyboard布局已经全部搭建好，在View当中，你就可以按照你的所想来拖放你所想要的控件来布局了。