uboot中环境变量 sf

这个命令是 uboot实现了 对flash 的读写初始化功能，挂载在spi总线下；

执行sf probe 就是对spi总线和 flash的初始化；

命令声明: u_BOOT_CMD大家都知道就是定义uboot模式下的命令行；然后uboot在main_loop下循环检测串口指令来解析调用相应命令 

U_BOOT_CMD(
	sf,	5,	1,	do_spi_flash,
	"SPI flash sub-system",
	"probe [[bus:]cs] [hz] [mode]	- init flash device on given SPI bus\n"
	"				  and chip select\n"
	"sf read addr offset|partition len	- read `len' bytes starting at\n"
	"				          `offset' or from start of mtd\n"
	"					  `partition'to memory at `addr'\n"
	"sf write addr offset|partition len	- write `len' bytes from memory\n"
	"				          at `addr' to flash at `offset'\n"
	"					  or to start of mtd `partition'\n"
	"sf erase offset|partition [+]len	- erase `len' bytes from `offset'\n"
	"					  or from start of mtd `partition'\n"
	"					 `+len' round up `len' to block size\n"
	"sf update addr offset|partition len	- erase and write `len' bytes from memory\n"
	"					  at `addr' to flash at `offset'\n"
	"					  or to start of mtd `partition'\n"
	"sf protect lock/unlock sector len	- protect/unprotect 'len' bytes starting\n"
	"					  at address 'sector'\n"
	SF_TEST_HELP
);

最初就是调用这个函数：

static int do_spi_flash(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
			char * const argv[])
{
	const char *cmd;
	int ret;

	/* need at least two arguments */
	if (argc < 2)
		goto usage;

	cmd = argv[1];
	--argc;
	++argv;

	if (strcmp(cmd, "probe") == 0) {
		ret = do_spi_flash_probe(argc, argv);
		goto done;
	}

	/* The remaining commands require a selected device */
	if (!flash) {
		puts("No SPI flash selected. Please run `sf probe'\n");
		return 1;
	}

	if (strcmp(cmd, "read") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "write") == 0 ||
	    strcmp(cmd, "update") == 0)
		ret = do_spi_flash_read_write(argc, argv);
	else if (strcmp(cmd, "erase") == 0)
		ret = do_spi_flash_erase(argc, argv);
	else if (strcmp(cmd, "protect") == 0)
		ret = do_spi_protect(argc, argv);
#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_SF_TEST
	else if (!strcmp(cmd, "test"))
		ret = do_spi_flash_test(argc, argv);
#endif
	else
		ret = -1;

done:
	if (ret != -1)
		return ret;

usage:
	return CMD_RET_USAGE;
}

就是调用这个函数：

static int do_spi_flash_probe(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	unsigned int bus = CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_BUS;
	unsigned int cs = CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_CS;
	unsigned int speed = CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_SPEED;
	unsigned int mode = CONFIG_SF_DEFAULT_MODE;
	char *endp;
#ifdef CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
	struct udevice *new, *bus_dev;
	int ret;
	/* In DM mode defaults will be taken from DT */
	speed = 0, mode = 0;
#else
	struct spi_flash *new;
#endif

	if (argc >= 2) {
		cs = simple_strtoul(argv[1], &endp, 0);
		if (*argv[1] == 0 || (*endp != 0 && *endp != ':'))
			return -1;
		if (*endp == ':') {
			if (endp[1] == 0)
				return -1;

			bus = cs;
			cs = simple_strtoul(endp + 1, &endp, 0);
			if (*endp != 0)
				return -1;
		}
	}

	if (argc >= 3) {
		speed = simple_strtoul(argv[2], &endp, 0);
		if (*argv[2] == 0 || *endp != 0)
			return -1;
	}
	if (argc >= 4) {
		mode = simple_strtoul(argv[3], &endp, 16);
		if (*argv[3] == 0 || *endp != 0)
			return -1;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
	/* Remove the old device, otherwise probe will just be a nop */
	ret = spi_find_bus_and_cs(bus, cs, &bus_dev, &new);
	if (!ret) {
		device_remove(new, DM_REMOVE_NORMAL);
	}
	flash = NULL;
	ret = spi_flash_probe_bus_cs(bus, cs, speed, mode, &new);
	if (ret) {
		printf("Failed to initialize SPI flash at %u:%u (error %d)\n",
		       bus, cs, ret);
		return 1;
	}

	flash = dev_get_uclass_priv(new);
#else
	if (flash)
		spi_flash_free(flash);

	new = spi_flash_probe(bus, cs, speed, mode);
	flash = new;

	if (!new) {
		printf("Failed to initialize SPI flash at %u:%u\n", bus, cs);
		return 1;
	}

	flash = new;
#endif

	return 0;
}

函数内部都是对flash的操作，就是内存向flash 写入； 从flash读取写入内存；擦除flash 块等操作

命令是：

那么sf 命令功能也就清楚了，就是对flash操作的指令；

sf probe初始化flash 或者说初始化spi总线;

sf read addr offset|partition len    - read `len' bytes starting at\n"

sf write addr offset|partition len    - write `len' bytes from memory\n"

addr ：内存地址

offset|partition： flash的偏移地址  

len：读取的大小(字节为单位)

举例：

sf probe; sf read 0x2000000 0 0x400000           

初始化 spi； 从 flash 0 地址 读取 0x400000 个字节 ，读取到0x2000000 ，结束地址就是0x2000000+0x400000；

从flash 中读取，然后通过md 查看内存中数据；

sf erase offset|partition [+]len    - erase `len' bytes from `offset'

sf write addr offset|partition len    - write `len' bytes from memory\n"

sf write 之前一定要先执行初始化和 擦除

sf probe && sf erase 0x1a00000 +4 

&& sf write 0x2000000 0x1a00000 4  && sf read 0x2000010 0x1a00000 4 

初始化,擦除  flash 0x1a00000 地址为起点,擦除大小 4个字节(这里+4没错哈,人家就是这约定的),   

吧内存中0x2000000 的值写入到 0x1a00000 写四个字节大小

从flash 0x1a00000的地址读取四个字节， 读取到内存0x2000010 

验证：

这样可以验证我们能不能写入成功；下面是我操作的步骤；

我们先通过mw 向内存 0x2000000 写123456789 但是我操作有问题哈；

之后擦除flash 然后选个空间 吧 0x2000000 对应的值123456789写进去

我们换个内存地址再读取出来；

我多写了几个地址没问题哈能写进去的；