对象的拷贝

在java中对象的拷贝分为两种：

                 一种是：浅拷贝（实现Cloneable）

                 一种是：深拷贝（使用数据流的序列化与反序列化）

浅拷贝的缺点：

1、 基本类型
如果变量是基本很类型，则拷贝其值，比如int、float等。
2、 对象
如果变量是一个实例对象，则拷贝其地址引用，也就是说此时新对象与原来对象是公用该实例变量。
3、 String字符串
若变量为String字符串，则拷贝其地址引用。但是在修改时，它会从字符串池中重新生成一个新的字符串，原有对象保持不变。

 1：浅拷贝代码：

class Person implements Cloneable {
	/** 姓名 **/
	private String name;

	/** 电子邮件 **/
	private Email email;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Email getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(Email email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Person(String name, Email email) {
		this.name = name;
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Person(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	protected Person clone() {
		Person person = null;
		try {
			person = (Person) super.clone();
		} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return person;
	}
}

class Email {

	private String message = "";
	public String content = "";

	public Email() {
	}

	public Email(String message, String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}

	public String getContent() {
		return content;
	}

	public void setContent(String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}
}

public class TestClone {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 写封邮件
		Email email = new Email("请参加会议", "请与今天12:30到二会议室参加会议...");

		Person person1 = new Person("张三", email);

		Person person2 = person1.clone();
		person2.setName("李四");
		Person person3 = person1.clone();
		person3.setName("王五");
		person1.getEmail().setContent("请与今天12:00到二会议室参加会议...");
//		person1.setEmail(new Email("", "请与今天12:00到二会议室参加会议..."));//须要新建对象才可能修改不同的
		System.out.println(person1.getName() + "的邮件内容是："
				+ person1.getEmail().getContent());
		System.out.println(person2.getName() + "的邮件内容是："
				+ person2.getEmail().getContent());
		System.out.println(person3.getName() + "的邮件内容是："
				+ person3.getEmail().getContent());
	}
}

 修改clone方法其现对象分离（其实就是新建了一个对象）

	protected Person clone() {  
        Person person = null;  
        try {  
            person = (Person) super.clone();  
            person.setEmail(new Email("",person.getEmail().getContent()));  
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
          
        return person;  
    } 

 2：深拷贝（被拷贝对象须要实现 Serializable接口）

 拷贝对象的工具类

 

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
public class CloneUtils {  
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public static <T extends Serializable> T clone(T obj){  
        T cloneObj = null;  
        try {  
            //写入字节流  
            ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();  
            ObjectOutputStream obs = new ObjectOutputStream(out);  
            obs.writeObject(obj);  
            obs.close();  
              
            //分配内存，写入原始对象，生成新对象  
            ByteArrayInputStream ios = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());  
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(ios);  
            //返回生成的新对象  
            cloneObj = (T) ois.readObject();  
            ois.close();  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return cloneObj;  
    }  
}  

 其它类

 

 

import java.io.Serializable;

class Person implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 3623459427337616520L;

	/** 姓名 **/
	private String name;

	/** 电子邮件 **/
	private Email email;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Email getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(Email email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Person(String name, Email email) {
		this.name = name;
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Person(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

class Email  implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2913307304989215405L;
	private String message = "";
	public String content = "";

	public Email() {
	}

	public Email(String message, String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}

	public String getContent() {
		return content;
	}

	public void setContent(String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}
}

public class TestClone {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		  //写封邮件  
        Email email = new Email("请参加会议","请与今天12:30到二会议室参加会议...");  
          
        Person person1 =  new Person("张三",email);  
          
        Person person2 =  CloneUtils.clone(person1);  
        person2.setName("李四");  
        Person person3 =  CloneUtils.clone(person1);  
        person3.setName("王五");  
        person1.getEmail().setContent("请与今天12:00到二会议室参加会议...");  
          
        System.out.println(person1.getName() + "的邮件内容是：" + person1.getEmail().getContent());  
        System.out.println(person2.getName() + "的邮件内容是：" + person2.getEmail().getContent());  
        System.out.println(person3.getName() + "的邮件内容是：" + person3.getEmail().getContent());
	}
}

 参考：http://blog.csdn.net/chenssy/article/details/12952063