Android是在Android 3.0 (API level 11)开始引入Fragment的。Fragment可以使你能够将activity分离成多个可重用的组件,每个都有它自己的生命周期和UI。那我们应该怎么去创建fragment呢?Google已经考虑到这种情况了,所以推荐我们使用newInstance()的方式来创建,下面让我们看一下到底怎么使用吧!也是很简单的!
例,我们要实现的效果图,
MainActivity中:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private ViewPager vp;
private TabLayout tabLayout;
private MainAdapter mainAdapter;
private List<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
vp = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.vp);
tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tab);
mainAdapter = new MainAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
fragments.add(MyFragment.newInstance("第一个fragment"));
fragments.add(MyFragment.newInstance("第二个fragment"));
fragments.add(MyFragment.newInstance("第三个fragment"));
mainAdapter.setFragments(fragments);
vp.setAdapter(mainAdapter);
//设置tabLayout
tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(vp);
//设置文字的颜色
tabLayout.setTabTextColors(Color.GRAY, Color.BLUE);
//设置下划线的颜色
tabLayout.setSelectedTabIndicatorColor(Color.BLUE);
}
}
MainAdapter中:
/**
* Created by mac on 16-8-5.
*/
public class MainAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
private List<Fragment> fragments;
private String[] titles = {"一页", "二页", "三页"};
public MainAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
super(fm);
}
public void setFragments(List<Fragment> fragments) {
this.fragments = fragments;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
return fragments.get(position);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return fragments != null ? fragments.size() : 0;
}
@Override
public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
return titles[position];
}
}
MyFragment中:
/**
* Created by mac on 16-8-6.
*/
public class MyFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Bundle bundle = getArguments();
if (bundle != null) {
String name = bundle.get("name").toString();
Log.d("MyFragment", name);
}
}
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_my, null);
return view;
}
public static MyFragment newInstance(String name) {
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString("name", name);
MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment();
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
}
}
MainActivity的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.mac.fragmentdemo.MainActivity">
<android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
android:id="@+id/tab"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
android:id="@+id/vp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@id/tab" />
</RelativeLayout>
MyFragment的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/iv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />
</LinearLayout>
运行程序后,我们会发现控制台出现信息如下,
在这种情况下,newInstance()方法是一种“静态工厂方法”,让我们在初始化和设置一个新的fragment的时候省去调用它的构造方法和额外的setter方法。为你的Fragment提供静态工厂方法是一种好的做法,因为它封装和抽象了在客户端构造对象所需的步骤,因此Google推荐使用,所我们就使用吧!