springcloud.6.创建服务消费者feign

feign集成了Ribbon和Hystrix，默认实现了负载均衡，并和eureka结合，实际开发中使用feign的居多

pom文件配置内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <!--feign默认继承了ribbon和负载均衡-->
    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.yuu</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--解决thymeleaf模板引擎一定要严格执行的h5校验问题-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 云配置客户端增加依赖BEGIN -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 云配置客户端增加依赖END -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

重点内容：添加feign相关依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml配置：

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign
server:
  port: 8765
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

因为feign默认集成了hystrix，所以要开启熔断器，需要增加feign.hystrix.enabled=true的配置

启动类增加注解@EnableFeignClients，使feign生效

package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class WebAdminFeignApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebAdminFeignApplication.class,args);
    }
}

feign的service曾代码只写接口就可以了，不用写具体的实现类，需要使用@FeignClient注解，第一个参数使被调用的服务的名称，第二个参数使熔断是回调的类，接口方法的参数要使用@RequestParam注解，参数要与被调用的服务方法参数名称一致

package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service;

import com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service.hystrix.AdminServiceHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient(value="hello-spring-cloud-service-admin", fallback = AdminServiceHystrix.class)
public interface IAdminService {

    @GetMapping("hi")
    /**
     * @RequestParam注解是必须有的，否则报post method不被允许
     * */
    public String sayHi(@RequestParam(value="message") String message);
}

熔断回调类，这个部分需要注意的使，回调类需要实现上述的service接口，回调的方法即是接口中熔断的方法的实现

package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service.hystrix;

import com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service.IAdminService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class AdminServiceHystrix implements IAdminService {

    @Override
    public String sayHi(String message) {
        return String.format("Request is bad, your message is : %s",message);
    }
}