python socket实现简单的客户端到客户端信息发送

涉及到的知识点

socket创建、多线程、自定义协议的使用。

主要的思路

在服务器端定义client_requserts字典用于存放客户端请求对象，每个客户端上线后都会发送一个消息到服务端注册，以便于后面此字典中的客户端对象做判断来看发送给哪个客户端。

上代码

// server端
#coding:utf8

import socket
import json
from threading import Thread
#申明一个全局客户端字典用于存放客户端请求,相当于客户端到服务端注册,后面可以依靠这个字典实现信息转发
client_requserts = {}

def comm(conn):
    #收userid然后添加到client_requsets字典中
    userid = conn.recv(1024)
    print(f'clinet:{conn}')
    print(f'userID:{userid}')
    # 每连上来的一个客户端，把userID和请求存放在client_requserts字典中
    client_requserts[userid.decode('utf-8')] = conn
    print(client_requserts)
    while True:
        try:
            #收客户端发来的数据的头部信息,客户端发来的长度信息是字符串形式，所以要int转换整形数据
            headerlen = int(conn.recv(4).decode('utf-8'))
            header_data_json = conn.recv(headerlen).decode('utf-8')
            header = json.loads(header_data_json)
            print(header)
            msglen = header.get('msg_len')
            localuserid = header.get('localuserID')
            peerid = header.get('peerID')
            print(f'localuserID:{localuserid},peerid:{peerid},msglen:{msglen}')
            #解析完头信息，收主体信息，收recv(msglen)长度的数据
            msgdata = conn.recv(msglen)
            if msgdata.decode('utf-8') == 'q':
                print(f'客户端：{localuserid}退出...')
                del client_requserts[localuserid]
                print(client_requserts)
                break
            elif peerid =='a002':#客户端发来的数据携带有对端ip ID号，所以可以以此为发送给谁做判断
                print(f'给a002发：{msgdata}')
                client_requserts[peerid].send(msgdata)
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
    conn.close()


def run(ip, port):
    sk = socket.socket()
    sk.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sk.bind((ip, port))
    sk.listen(5)
    global client_requserts
    print(type(client_requserts))
    print(f'server:ip({ip})+port({port})已经启动...')
    while True:
        conn, addr = sk.accept()
        #client_requserts['a001'] = conn
        print(f'addr:{addr}')
        t = Thread(target=comm, args=(conn,))
        t.start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run('127.0.0.1', 9001)

// client1
#coding:utf8

import socket
import time
import json
clientsk=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
clientsk.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9001))
localuserID = 'a001'
peerID = 'a002'
#发送localuserID到服务端注册
clientsk.send(localuserID.encode('utf-8'))

def msg_header(header):
    #msg_header函数用于客户端加数据头部
    header_json = json.dumps(header)
    header_bytes = header_json.encode('utf-8')
    header_h = bytes(str(len(header_bytes)),'utf-8').zfill(4)
    return (header_bytes,header_h)

def sendmsg(header_h,header_bytes,msg):
    #用于发送数据
    clientsk.send(header_h)
    clientsk.send(header_bytes)
    clientsk.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))

while True:
    msg = input("请输入：")
    if not msg:
        print('不能输入为空！')
        continue
    msg_len = len(msg)
    header = {
        'localuserID': localuserID,
        'peerID': peerID,
        'msg_len':msg_len
    }
    header_bytes,header_h=msg_header(header)
    print(header_bytes,header_h)
    if msg == 'q':
        sendmsg(header_h,header_bytes,msg)
        print('已经发q')
        time.sleep(1)
        break
    else:
        sendmsg(header_h,header_bytes,msg)
clientsk.close()

// client2
#coding:utf8

import socket
import time
sk=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sk.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9001))
userID='a002'
sk.send(userID.encode('utf-8'))
while True:
    data=sk.recv(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))
sk.close()