注意事项:
1、accept.PHP消费者代码需要在命令行执行
RabbitMQCommand.php操作类代码
<?php
/*
* amqp协议操作类,可以访问rabbitMQ
* 需先安装php_amqp扩展
*/
class RabbitMQCommand{
public $configs=array();
//交换机名称
public $exchange_name='';
//队列名称
public $queue_name='';
//路由名称
public $route_key='';
//持久化
public $durable=True;
/*
* 自动删除
* exchange is deleted when all queues have finished using it
* queue is deleted when last consumer unsubscribes
*
*/
public $autodelete = False;
/*
* 镜像
* 镜像队列,打开后消息会在节点之间复制,有master和slave的概念
*/
public $mirror = False;
private $_conn = Null;
private $_exchange = Null;
private $_channel = Null;
private $_queue = Null;
public function __construct($configs=array(),$exchange_name='',$queue_name='',$route_key=''){
$this->setConfig($configs);
$this->exchange_name=$exchange_name;
$this->queue_name=$queue_name;
$this->route_key=$route_key;
}
private function setConfig($configs){
if(!is_array($configs)){
throw new Exception('config is not array');
}
if(!($configs['host'] && $configs['port'] && $configs['username'] && $configs['password'])){
throw new Exception('configs is empty');
}
if(empty($configs['vhost'])){
$configs['vhost']='/';
}
$configs['login']=$configs['username'];
unset($configs['username']);
$this->configs=$configs;
}
/*
* 设置是否持久化,默认为True
*/
public function setDurable($durable){
$this->durable=$durable;
}
/*
* 设置是否自动删除
*/
public function setAutoDelete($autodelete){
$this->autodelete=$autodelete;
}
/*
* 设置是否镜像
*/
public function setMirror($mirror){
$this->mirror=$mirror;
}
/*
* 打开amqp连接
*/
private function open(){
if(!$this->_conn){
try {
$this->_conn=new AMQPConnection($this->configs);
$this->_conn->connect();
$this->initConnection();
} catch (AMQPConnectionException $ex) {
throw new Exception('cannot connection rabbitmq',500);
}
}
}
/*
* rabbitmq连接不变
* 重置交换机,队列,路由等配置
*/
public function reset($exchange_name,$queue_name,$route_key){
$this->exchange_name=$exchange_name;
$this->queue_name=$queue_name;
$this->route_key=$route_key;
$this->initConnection();
}
/*
* 初始化rabbit连接的相关配置
*/
private function initConnection(){
if(empty($this->exchange_name) || empty($this->queue_name) || empty($this->route_key)){
throw new Exception('rabbitmq exhange_name or queue_name or route_key is empty',500);
}
//连接channel
$this->_channel=new AMQPChannel($this->_conn);
//创建交换机
$this->_exchange=new AMQPExchange($this->_channel);
$this->_exchange->setName($this->exchange_name);
$this->_exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_DIRECT);
if($this->durable){
$this->_exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
}
if($this->autodelete){
$this->_exchange->setFlags(AMQP_AUTODELETE);
}
$this->_exchange->declare();
//创建队列
$this->_queue=new AMQPQueue($this->_channel);
$this->_queue->setName($this->queue_name);
if($this->durable){
$this->_queue->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
}
if($this->autodelete){
$this->_queue->setFlags(AMQP_AUTODELETE);
}
if($this->mirror){
$this->_queue->setArgument('x-ha-policy','all');
}
$this->_queue->declare();
//将队列通过制定路由绑定到指定交换机上
$this->_queue->bind($this->exchange_name,$this->route_key);
}
public function close(){
if($this->_conn){
$this->_conn->disconnect();
}
}
public function __sleep(){
$this->close();
return array_keys(get_object_vars($this));
}
public function __destruct(){
$this->close();
}
/*
* 生产者发送消息
*/
public function send($msg) {
$this->open();
if(is_array($msg)){
$msg = json_encode($msg);
}else{
$msg = trim(strval($msg));
}
return $this->_exchange->publish($msg, $this->route_key);
}
/*
* 消费者
* $fun_name = array($classobj,$function) or function name string
* $autoack 是否自动应答
*
* function processMessage($envelope, $queue) {
$msg = $envelope->getBody();
echo $msg."\n"; //处理消息
$queue->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag());//手动应答
}
*/
public function run($fun_name,$autoack=True){
$this->open();
if(!$fun_name || !$this->_queue) return false;
while(True){
if($autoack) $this->_queue->consume($fun_name,AMQP_AUTOACK);
else $this->_queue->consume($fun_name);
}
}
}
send.php生产者代码
<?php
set_time_limit(0);
include_once('RabbitMQCommand.php');
$configs = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1','port'=>5672,'username'=>'asdf','password'=>'123456','vhost'=>'/');
$exchange_name = 'class-e-1';
$queue_name = 'class-q-1';
$route_key = 'class-r-1';
$ra = new RabbitMQCommand($configs,$exchange_name,$queue_name,$route_key);
for($i=0;$i<=100;$i++){
$ra->send(date('Y-m-d H:i:s',time()));
}
accept.php消费者代码
<?php
error_reporting(0);
include_once('RabbitMQCommand.php');
$configs = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1','port'=>5672,'username'=>'asdf','password'=>'123456','vhost'=>'/');
$exchange_name = 'class-e-1';
$queue_name = 'class-q-1';
$route_key = 'class-r-1';
$ra = new RabbitMQCommand($configs,$exchange_name,$queue_name,$route_key);
class A{
function processMessage($envelope, $queue) {
$msg = $envelope->getBody();
//自增id
$envelopeID = $envelope->getDeliveryTag();
$pid = posix_getpid();
//将取出来的内容放到文件里面
file_put_contents("log{$pid}.log", $msg.'|'.$envelopeID.''."\r\n",FILE_APPEND);
$queue->ack($envelopeID);
}
}
$a = new A();
$s = $ra->run(array($a,'processMessage'),false);
消息队列的实现中,RabbitMQ以其健壮和可靠见长.公司的项目中选择了它作为消息队列的实现.关于MQ的机制和原理网上有很多文章可以看,这里就不再赘述,只讲几个比较容易混淆的问题
1,binding key和routing key
binding key和routing key是都不过是自己设置的一组字符,只是用的地方不同,binding key是在绑定交换机和队列时候通过方法传递的字符串,routing key是在发布消息时候,顺便带上的字符串,有些人说这两个其实是一个东西,也对也不对,说对,是因为这两个可以完全一样,说不对,是因为这两个起的作用不同,一个交换机可以绑定很多队列,但是每个队列也许需要的消息类型不同,binding key就是这个绑定时候留在交换机和队列之间的提示信息,当消息发送出来后,随着消息一起发送的routing key如果和binding key一样就说明消息是这个队列要的东西,如果不一样那就不要给这个队列,交换机你找找下个队列看看要不要.明白了吧,这两个key就是暗号,对上了就是自己人,对不上那麻烦你再找找去.
2,持久化
交换机和队列都可以在创建时候设置为持久化,重启以后会回复,但是其中的消息未不会,如果要消息也恢复,将消息发布到交换机的时候,可以指定一个标志“Delivery Mode”(投递模式), 1为非持久化,2为持久化.
3,流控机制
当消息生产的速度更快,而进程的处理能力低时,消息就会堆积起来,占用内存越来越多,导致MQ崩溃,所以rabbitmq有一个流控机制,当超过限定时候就会阻止接受消息,mq流控有三种机制
1,主动阻塞住发消息太快的连接,这个无法调整,如果被阻塞了,在abbitmqctl 控制台上会显示一个blocked的状态。
2,内存超过限量,会阻塞连接,在vm_memory_high_watermark可调
3,剩余磁盘在限定以下mq会 主动阻塞所有的生产者,默认为50m,在disk_free_limit可调.