鸢尾花数据集绘制密度图、对偶图

导入鸢尾花数据集

from __future__ import division
import pandas as pd
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="whitegrid", color_codes=True)
iris = pd.read_csv("Iris.csv")
iris.head()

导入结果

绘制相关密度图

types = iris.dropna(subset=['Sepal.Width'])
Alltypes_num = types['Species'].value_counts()
from pylab import *
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
#支持中文
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
types = list(Alltypes_num[Alltypes_num.values > 4].index)
from IPython.core.pylabtools import figsize
# 类别分数分布图
figsize(12, 10)

# 绘制每个类别
for b_type in types:
    # 选择花的类型
    subset = iris[iris['Species'] == b_type]

    # 各类长度得分的密度图
    sns.kdeplot(subset['Sepal.Width'].dropna(), label=b_type, shade=False, alpha=0.8)
    sns.kdeplot(subset['Sepal.Length'].dropna(), label=b_type, shade=False, alpha=0.8)
    sns.kdeplot(subset['Petal.Length'].dropna(), label=b_type, shade=False, alpha=0.8)
    sns.kdeplot(subset['Petal.Width'].dropna(), label=b_type, shade=False, alpha=0.8)

plt.xlabel('Len', size=20)
plt.ylabel('Density', size=20)
plt.legend()
plt.title('鸢尾花总体密度图', size=28)

绘制对偶图

# 提取要绘制的列
plot_data = iris[[
    'Sepal.Length', 'Sepal.Width', 'Petal.Length',
    'Petal.Width'
]]

# 把 inf 换成 nan
plot_data = plot_data.replace({np.inf: np.nan, -np.inf: np.nan})

# 重命名
plot_data = plot_data.rename(
    columns={
        'Sepal.Length': '花瓣长度',
        'Sepal.Width': '花瓣宽度',
        'Petal.Length': '花萼长度',
        'Petal.Width': '花萼宽度',
    })

# 删除 na 值
plot_data = plot_data.dropna()


# 计算某两列之间的相关系数
def corr_func(x, y, **kwargs):
    r = np.corrcoef(x, y)[0][1]
    ax = plt.gca()
    ax.annotate("r = {:.2f}".format(r),
                xy=(.2, .8),
                xycoords=ax.transAxes,
                size=20)


# 创建 pairgrid 对象
grid = sns.PairGrid(data=plot_data, size=3)

# 上三角是散点图
grid.map_upper(plt.scatter, color='red', alpha=0.6)

# 对角线是直方图
grid.map_diag(plt.hist, color='red', edgecolor='black')

# 下三角是相关系数和二维核密度图
grid.map_lower(corr_func)
grid.map_lower(sns.kdeplot, cmap=plt.cm.Reds)

plt.suptitle('鸢尾花对偶图', size=36, y=1.02)