;这里引入一些在其它文件中实现在函数,包括为我们所熟知的main函数
;IMPORT MMU_SetAsyncBusMode
;IMPORT MMU_SetFastBusMode ;hzh
IMPORT Main
;从这里开始就是正真的代码入口了!
AREA Init,CODE,READONLY ;这表明下面的是一个名为Init的代码段
ENTRY ;定义程序的入口(调试用)
EXPORT __ENTRY ;导出符号_ENTRY,但在那用到就还没查明
__ENTRY
ResetEntry
;1)The code, which converts to Big-endian, should be in little endian code.
;2)The following little endian code will be compiled in Big-Endian mode.
; The code byte order should be changed as the memory bus width.
;3)The pseudo instruction,DCD can not be used here because the linker generates error.
;条件编译,在编译成机器码前就设定好
ASSERT :DEF:ENDIAN_CHANGE ;判断ENDIAN_CHANGE是否已定义
[ ENDIAN_CHANGE ;如果已经定义了ENDIAN_CHANGE,则(在Option.inc里已经设为FALSE )
ASSERT :DEF:ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH ;判断ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH是否已定义
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=32 ;如果已经定义了ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH,则判断是不是为32
b ChangeBigEndian ;DCD 0xea000007
]
;在bigendian中,地址为A的字单元包括字节单元A,A+1,A+2,A+3,字节单元由高位到低位为A,A+1,A+2,A+3
; 地址为A的字单元包括半字单元A,A+2,半字单元由高位到低位为A,A+2
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=16
andeq r14,r7,r0,lsl #20 ;DCD 0x0007ea00 也是b ChangeBigEndian指令,只是由于总线不一样而取机器码的顺序不一样
] ;先取低位->高位 上述指令是通过机器码装换而来的
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=8
streq r0,[r0,-r10,ror #1] ;DCD 0x070000ea 也是b ChangeBigEndian指令,只是由于总线不一样而取机器码的顺序不一样
]
|
b ResetHandler ;我们的程序由于ENDIAN_CHANGE设成FALSE就到这儿了,转跳到复位程序入口
]
b HandlerUndef ;handler for Undefined mode ;0x04
b HandlerSWI ;handler for SWI interrupt ;0x08
b HandlerPabort ;handler for PAbort ;0x0c
b HandlerDabort ;handler for DAbort ;0x10
b . ;reserved 注意小圆点 ;0x14
b HandlerIRQ ;handler for IRQ interrupt ;0x18
b HandlerFIQ ;handler for FIQ interrupt ;0x1c
;@0x20
b EnterPWDN ; Must be @0x20.
;==================================================================================
;下面是改变大小端的程序,这里采用直接定义机器码的方式,至说为什么这么做就得问三星了
;反正我们程序里这段代码也不会去执行,不用去管它
;==================================================================================
;通过设置CP15的C1的位7,设置存储格式为Bigendian,三种总线方式
ChangeBigEndian ;//here ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=16
;@0x24
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=32
DCD 0xee110f10 ;0xee110f10 => mrc p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
DCD 0xe3800080 ;0xe3800080 => orr r0,r0,#0x80; //Big-endian
DCD 0xee010f10 ;0xee010f10 => mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
;对存储器控制寄存器操作,指定内存模式为Big-endian
;因为刚开始CPU都是按照32位总线的指令格式运行的,如果采用其他的话,CPU别不了,必须转化
;但当系统初始化好以后,则CPU能自动识别
]
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=16
DCD 0x0f10ee11
DCD 0x0080e380
DCD 0x0f10ee01
;因为采用Big-endian模式,采用16位总线时,物理地址的高位和数据的地位对应
;所以指令的机器码也相应的高低对调
]
[ ENTRY_BUS_WIDTH=8
DCD 0x100f11ee
DCD 0x800080e3
DCD 0x100f01ee
]
DCD 0xffffffff ;swinv 0xffffff is similar with NOP and run well in both endian mode.
DCD 0xffffffff
DCD 0xffffffff
DCD 0xffffffff
DCD 0xffffffff
b ResetHandler
;=========================================================================================
; Function for entering power down mode
; 1. SDRAM should be in self-refresh mode.
; 2. All interrupt should be maksked for SDRAM/DRAM self-refresh.
; 3. LCD controller should be disabled for SDRAM/DRAM self-refresh.
; 4. The I-cache may have to be turned on.
; 5. The location of the following code may have not to be changed.
;void EnterPWDN(int CLKCON);
EnterPWDN
mov r2,r0 ;r2=rCLKCON 保存原始数据 0x4c00000c 使能各模块的时钟输入
tst r0,#0x8 ;测试bit[3] SLEEP mode? 1=>sleep
bne ENTER_SLEEP ;C=0,即TST结果非0,bit[3]=1
;//进入PWDN后如果不是sleep则进入stop
;//进入Stop mode
ENTER_STOP
ldr r0,=REFRESH ;0x48000024 DRAM/SDRAM refresh config
ldr r3,[r0] ;r3=rREFRESH
mov r1, r3
orr r1, r1, #BIT_SELFREFRESH ;Enable SDRAM self-refresh
str r1, [r0] ;Enable SDRAM self-refresh
mov r1,#16 ;wait until self-refresh is issued. may not be needed.
0
subs r1,r1,#1
bne %B0
;//wait 16 fclks for self-refresh
ldr r0,=CLKCON ;enter STOP mode.
str r2,[r0]
mov r1,#32
0
subs r1,r1,#1 ;1) wait until the STOP mode is in effect.
bne %B0 ;2) Or wait here until the CPU&Peripherals will be turned-off
;Entering SLEEP mode, only the reset by wake-up is available.
ldr r0,=REFRESH ;exit from SDRAM self refresh mode.
str r3,[r0]
MOV_PC_LR ;back to main process
ENTER_SLEEP
;NOTE.
;1) rGSTATUS3 should have the return address after wake-up from SLEEP mode.
ldr r0,=REFRESH
ldr r1,[r0] ;r1=rREFRESH
orr r1, r1, #BIT_SELFREFRESH
str r1, [r0] ;Enable SDRAM self-refresh
;//Enable SDRAM self-refresh
mov r1,#16 ;Wait until self-refresh is issued,which may not be needed.
0
subs r1,r1,#1
bne %B0
;//Wait until self-refresh is issued,which may not be needed
ldr r1,=MISCCR ;IO register
ldr r0,[r1]
orr r0,r0,#(7<<17) ;Set SCLK0=1, SCLK1=1, SCKE=1.
str r0,[r1]
ldr r0,=CLKCON ; Enter sleep mode
str r2,[r0]
b . ;CPU will die here.
;//进入Sleep Mode,1)设置SDRAM为self-refresh
;// 2)设置MISCCR bit[17] 1:sclk0=sclk 0:sclk0=0
;// bit[18] 1:sclk1=sclk 0:sclk1=0
;// bit[19] 1:Self refresh retain enable
;// 0:Self refresh retain disable
;// When 1, After wake-up from sleep, The self-refresh will be retained.
WAKEUP_SLEEP
;Release SCLKn after wake-up from the SLEEP mode.
ldr r1,=MISCCR
ldr r0,[r1]
bic r0,r0,#(7<<17) ;SCLK0:0->SCLK, SCLK1:0->SCLK, SCKE:0->=SCKE.
str r0,[r1]
;//设置MISCCR
;Set memory control registers
;ldr r0,=SMRDATA
adrl r0, SMRDATA
ldr r1,=BWSCON ;BWSCON Address ;//总线宽度和等待控制寄存器
add r2, r0, #52 ;End address of SMRDATA
0
ldr r3, [r0], #4 ;数据处理后R0自加4,[R0]->R3,R0+4->R0
str r3, [r1], #4
cmp r2, r0
bne %B0
;//设置所有的memory control register,他的初始地址为BWSCON,初始化
;//数据在以SMRDATA为起始的存储区
mov r1,#256
0
subs r1,r1,#1 ;1) wait until the SelfRefresh is released.
bne %B0
;//1) wait until the SelfRefresh is released.
ldr r1,=GSTATUS3 ;GSTATUS3 has the start address just after SLEEP wake-up
ldr r0,[r1]
mov pc,r0
;//跳出Sleep Mode,进入Sleep状态前的PC
;============================================================================================
;如上所说,这里采用HANDLER宏去建立Hander***和Handle***之间的联系
LTORG ;声明文字池,因为我们用了ldr伪指令
HandlerFIQ HANDLER HandleFIQ
HandlerIRQ HANDLER HandleIRQ
HandlerUndef HANDLER HandleUndef
HandlerSWI HANDLER HandleSWI
HandlerDabort HANDLER HandleDabort
HandlerPabort HANDLER HandlePabort
;===================================================================================
;呵呵,来了来了.好戏来了,这一段程序就是用来进行第二次查表的过程了.
;如果说第一次查表是由硬件来完成的,那这一次查表就是由软件来实现的了.
;为什么要查两次表??
;没有办法,ARM把所有的中断都归纳成一个IRQ中断异常和一个FIRQ中断异常
;第一次查表主要是查出是什么异常,可我们总要知道是这个中断异常中的什么中断呀!
;没办法了,再查一次表呗!
;===================================================================================
;//外部中断号判断,通过中断服务程序入口地址存储器的地址偏移确定
;//PC=[HandleEINT0+[INTOFFSET]]
;H|------|
; |/ / / |
; |--isr-| ====>pc
;L|--r8--|
; |--r9--|<----sp
IsrIRQ
sub sp,sp,#4 ;给PC寄存器保留 reserved for PC
stmfd sp!,{r8-r9} ;把r8-r9压入栈
ldr r9,=INTOFFSET ;把INTOFFSET的地址装入r9 INTOFFSET是一个内部的寄存器,存着中断的偏移
ldr r9,[r9] ;I_ISR
ldr r8,=HandleEINT0 ;这就是我们第二个中断向量表的入口的,先装入r8
;===================================================================================
;哈哈,这查表方法够好了吧,r8(入口)+index*4(别望了一条指令是4 bytes的喔),
;这不就是我们要找的那一项了吗.找到了表项,下一步做什么?肯定先装入了!
;==================================================================================
add r8,r8,r9,lsl #2 ;地址对齐,因为每个中断向量占4个字节,即isr = IvectTable + Offeset * 4
ldr r8,[r8] ;装入中断服务程序的入口
str r8,[sp,#8] ;把入口也入栈,准备用旧招
ldmfd sp!,{r8-r9,pc} ;施招,弹出栈,哈哈,顺便把r8弹出到PC了,跳转成功!
LTORG
;==============================================================================
; ENTRY(好了,我们的CPU要在这复位了.)
;==============================================================================
ResetHandler
ldr r0,=WTCON ;1.关看门狗
ldr r1,=0x0 ;bit[5]: 0 - disable; 1 - enable (reset 默认)
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=INTMSK
ldr r1,=0xffffffff ;2.关中断
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=INTSUBMSK
ldr r1,=0x7fff ;3.关子中断
str r1,[r0]
[ {FALSE} ;4.得有些表示了,该点点LED灯了,不过被FALSE掉了.
;rGPFDAT = (rGPFDAT & ~(0xf<<4)) | ((~data & 0xf)<<4);
; Led_Display
ldr r0,=GPFCON
ldr r1,=0x5500
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=GPFDAT
ldr r1,=0x10
str r1,[r0]
]
;5.为了减少PLL的lock time, 调整LOCKTIME寄存器.
;To reduce PLL lock time, adjust the LOCKTIME register.
ldr r0,=LOCKTIME
ldr r1,=0xffffff ;reset的默认值
str r1,[r0]
;6.下面就来设置PLL了,你的板快不快就看这了!!
;这里介绍一下计算公式
;Mpll=(2*m*Fin)/(p*2^s)
;Upll=(m*Fin)/(p*2^s)
;//m=MDIV+8,p=PDIV+2,s=SDIV
;The proper range of P and M: 1<=P<=62, 1<=M<=248
;Fpllo必须大于200Mhz小于600Mhz
;Fpllo*2^s必须小于1.2GHz
;如下面的PLLCON设定中的M_DIV P_DIV S_DIV是取自option.h中
;#elif (MCLK==40000000)
;#define PLL_M (0x48)
;#define PLL_P (0x3)
;#define PLL_S (0x2)
;所以m=MDIV+8=80,p=PDIV+2=5,s=SDIV=2
;硬件使用晶振为10Mhz,即Fin=10Mhz
;Fpllo=80*10/5*2^2=40Mhz
[ PLL_ON_START
; Added for confirm clock divide. for 2440.
; Setting value Fclk:Hclk:Pclk
ldr r0,=CLKDIVN
ldr r1,=CLKDIV_VAL ; 0=1:1:1, 1=1:1:2, 2=1:2:2, 3=1:2:4, 4=1:4:4, 5=1:4:8, 6=1:3:3, 7=1:3:6. option.inc中定义CLKDIV_VAL=7
str r1,[r0] ;//数据表示分频数
;===============================================================================
;MMU_SetAsyncBusMode 和 MMU_SetFastBusMode 都在4K代码以上,
;如果你想你编译出来的程序能在NAND上运行的话,就不要在这调用这两函数了.
;如果你不要求的话,你就用把.啥事没有.
;为什么是4K,问三星吧,就提供4K的内部SRAM,要是提供400K多好呀.
;好了,好了,4K就4K吧,不能用这两函数,自己写还不行吗,下面的代码这这么来了,
;实现和上面两函数一样的功能.
;===============================================================================
; [ CLKDIV_VAL>1 ; 意思是 Fclk:Hclk 不是 1:1.
; bl MMU_SetAsyncBusMode
; |
; bl MMU_SetFastBusMode ; default value.
; ]
; ==手册第243页==
; If HDIVN is not 0, the CPU bus mode has to be changed from the fast bus mode to the asynchronous
; bus mode using following instructions
;MMU_SetAsyncBusMode
;mrc p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
;orr r0,r0,#R1_nF:OR:R1_iA
;mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
[ CLKDIV_VAL>1 ; 意思是 Fclk:Hclk 不是 1:1.
mrc p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
orr r0,r0,#0xc0000000;R1_nF:OR:R1_iA
mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
|
mrc p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
bic r0,r0,#0xc0000000;R1_iA:OR:R1_nF
mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
]
;配置 UPLL
;//Configure UPLL Fin=12.0MHz UFout=48MHz
ldr r0,=UPLLCON
ldr r1,=((U_MDIV<<12)+(U_PDIV<<4)+U_SDIV) ;//USB PLL CONFIG 56,2,2===>48MHz
str r1,[r0]
;7个nop必不可少!!
nop ;// Caution: After UPLL setting, at least 7-clocks delay must be inserted for setting hardware be completed.
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
;配置 MPLL
;//Configure MPLL Fin=12.0MHz MFout=304.8MHz
ldr r0,=MPLLCON
ldr r1,=((M_MDIV<<12)+(M_PDIV<<4)+M_SDIV) ;68,1,1 ==>304MHz
str r1,[r0]
]
;检查是否从SLEEP模式中恢复
;//Check if the boot is caused by the wake-up from SLEEP mode.
ldr r1,=GSTATUS2
ldr r0,[r1]
tst r0,#0x2 ;test if bit[1] is 1 or 0 0->C=1
; 1->C=0
;In case of the wake-up from SLEEP mode, go to SLEEP_WAKEUP handler.
bne WAKEUP_SLEEP ;C=0,jump
EXPORT StartPointAfterSleepWakeUp
StartPointAfterSleepWakeUp
;===============================================================================
;设置内存控制器等寄存器的值,因为这些寄存器是连续排列的,所以采用如下办法对这些
;寄存器进行连续设置.其中用到了SMRDATA的数据,这在代码后面有定义
;===============================================================================
;这是设置SDRAM,flash ROM 存储器连接和工作时序的程序,片选定义的程序
;SMRDATA map在下面的程序中定义
;SMRDATA中涉及的值请参考memcfg.inc程序
;Set memory control registers
;ldr r0,=SMRDATA ;dangerous!!!
adrl r0, SMRDATA ;be careful!, tinko
ldr r1,=BWSCON ;BWSCON Address
add r2, r0, #52 ;End address of SMRDATA ;SMRDATA数据的结束地址,共有52字节的数据
0
ldr r3, [r0], #4
str r3, [r1], #4
cmp r2, r0
bne %B0 ;%表示搜索,B表示反向-back(F表示向前-forward),0为局部标号(0~99)
;================================================================================
;如果 EINT0 产生(这中断就是我们按键产生的), 就清除SDRAM ,不过好像没人会在这个时候按
;================================================================================
; check if EIN0 button is pressed
ldr r0,=GPFCON
ldr r1,=0x0 ;00 = Input
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=GPFUP
ldr r1,=0xff ;1- The pull up function is disabled.
str r1,[r0]
ldr r1,=GPFDAT
ldr r0,[r1]
bic r0,r0,#(0x1e<<1) ; bit clear
tst r0,#0x1
bne %F1 ;如果没有按,就跳到后面的1标号处 => Initialize stacks
; 这就是清零内存的代码
ldr r0,=GPFCON
ldr r1,=0x55aa
str r1,[r0]
; ldr r0,=GPFUP
; ldr r1,=0xff
; str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=GPFDAT
ldr r1,=0x0
str r1,[r0] ;LED=****
mov r1,#0
mov r2,#0
mov r3,#0
mov r4,#0
mov r5,#0
mov r6,#0
mov r7,#0
mov r8,#0
ldr r9,=0x4000000 ;64MB
ldr r0,=0x30000000
0
stmia r0!,{r1-r8}
subs r9,r9,#32
bne %B0
;到这就结束了.
;//4.初始化各模式下的栈指针
;Initialize stacks
1
bl InitStacks
;=======================================================================
; 哈哈,下面又有看头了,这个初始化程序好像被名曰hzh的高手改过
; 能在NOR NAND 还有内存中运行,当然了,在内存中运行最简单了.
; 在NOR NAND中运行的话都要先把自己拷到内存中.
; 此外,还记得上面提到的|Image$$RO$$Base|,|Image$$RO$$Limit|...吗?
; 这就是拷贝的依据了!!!
;=========================================================================
;BWSCON的[2:1]反映了外部引脚OM[1:0]:若OM[1:0] != 00, 从NOR FLash启动或直接在内存运行;若OM[1:0]==00,则为Nand Flash Mode
ldr r0, =BWSCON
ldr r0, [r0]
ands r0, r0, #6 ; #6 == 0110 --> BWSCON[2:1]
bne copy_proc_beg ;OM[1:0] != 00,NOR FLash boot,不读取NAND FLASH
adr r0, ResetEntry ;否则,OM[1:0] == 0, 为从NAND FLash启动
cmp r0, #0 ;再比较入口是否为0地址处
;如果是0才是真正从NAND 启动,因为其4k被复制到0地址开始的stepingstone 内部sram中