apache.httpclient工具包HTTP连接池请求例子

在工作中有用到HTTP请求外部地址传递数据.

用Url这个类明显效率低下,所以改用连接池概念的URL请求,这将大大提高了请求效率.

主发送类

package com.cdg.test;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;

public class HttpClientTest {

	/**
	 * 组装参数,这里用Map,一键一值比较通用,可以当做共用方法
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	private NameValuePair[] buildNameValuePairs(Map<String, String> params) {
		Object[] keys = params.keySet().toArray();
		NameValuePair[] pairs = new NameValuePair[keys.length];

		for (int i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
			String key = (String) keys[i];
			pairs[i] = new NameValuePair(key, params.get(key));
		}

		return pairs;
	}

	/**
	 * 发送HTTP请求
	 * @param bean
	 * @return
	 */
	public String lscmToOutsideService(PushData bean) {

		String url = bean.getUrl();
		HashMap<String, String> params = bean.getParams();
		String code = bean.getEncode();
		if (null == url || "".equals(url.trim())) {
			return HttpClientUtil.returnError("推送地址错误[url=" + url + "]");
		}
		if (null == code || "".equals(code.trim())) {
			return HttpClientUtil.returnError("编码错误[code=" + code + "]");
		}
		
		if (null == params || params.size() == 0) {
			return HttpClientUtil.returnError("无传递参数[params.size = 0]");
		}
		NameValuePair[] pairs = buildNameValuePairs(params);//组装参数
		PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);//放地址
		postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-type",
				"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=" + code);
		postMethod.setRequestBody(pairs);
		postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
				new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());

		return HttpClientUtil.doHttpRequest(postMethod, code);
	}

	/**
	 * 测试一下
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		String url = "http://10.0.2.241:8080/xxx/XxxServlet";
		
		String xml = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
		PushData bean = new PushData();
		bean.setEncode("UTF-8");
		bean.setUrl(url);
		HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
		params.put("aaaa", xml);
		params.put("bbbb", "bbbxxxx");
		bean.setParams(params);
		String r = new HttpClientTest().lscmToOutsideService(bean);
		System.out.println(r);
		
	}
}

工具类

package com.cdg.test;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.Header;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpConnectionManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionManagerParams;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

public class HttpClientUtil {
	/**
	 * 日志处理类
	 */
	private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HttpClientUtil.class);

	// 读取超时
	private final static int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 10000;
	// 连接超时
	private final static int CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
	// 每个HOST的最大连接数量
	private final static int MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST = 20;
	// 连接池的最大连接数
	private final static int MAX_CONN = 60;
	// 连接池
	private final static HttpConnectionManager httpConnectionManager;

	static {
		httpConnectionManager = new MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager();
		HttpConnectionManagerParams params = httpConnectionManager.getParams();
		params.setConnectionTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
		params.setSoTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT);
		params.setDefaultMaxConnectionsPerHost(MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST);
		params.setMaxTotalConnections(MAX_CONN);
	}

	/**
	 * 发送主要方法,异常捕获
	 * @param post
	 * @param code
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doHttpRequest(PostMethod post, String code) {
		HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(httpConnectionManager);
		resetRequestHeader(httpClient, "10.0.23.178");
		// 设置读取超时时间(单位毫秒)
		// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.socket.timeout",socket_timeout);
		// 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
		// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.connection.timeout",connection_timeout);
		// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.connection-manager.timeout",100000000L);
		BufferedReader in = null;
		String resultString = "";
		try {
			httpClient.executeMethod(post);
			in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(post
					.getResponseBodyAsStream(), code));
			StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
			String line = "";
			while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
				buffer.append(line);
			}
			resultString = buffer.toString();
		} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
			log.error("连接超时" + e.toString());
			// throw new CustomException(
			// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.CONNECTION_EXCEPTION,
			// "连接超时:" + e.getMessage(), e);
			resultString = returnError("连接超时");
		} catch (HttpException e) {
			log.error("读取外部服务器数据失败" + e.toString());
			// throw new CustomException(
			// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.SOCKET_EXCEPTION,
			// "读取天猫服务器数据失败:" + e.getMessage(), e);
			resultString = returnError("读取外部服务器数据失败");
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			log.error("请求的主机地址无效" + e.toString());
			// throw new CustomException(
			// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.CONNECTION_EXCEPTION,
			// "请求的主机地址无效：" + e.getMessage(), e);
			resultString = returnError("请求的主机地址无效");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			log.error("向外部接口发送数据失败" + e.toString());
			// throw new CustomException(
			// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.INNER_EXCEPTION,
			// "向天猫发送数据失败", e);
			resultString = returnError("向外部接口发送数据失败");
		} finally {
			if (in != null) {
				try {
					in.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			post.releaseConnection();
		}
		return resultString;
	}

	/**
	 * 设置一下返回错误的通用提示,可以自定义格式.
	 * @param reason
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String returnError(String reason) {
		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
		buffer.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?>");
		buffer.append("<Response>");
		buffer.append("<Success>false</Success>");
		buffer.append("<reason>");
		buffer.append(reason);
		buffer.append("</reason>");
		buffer.append("</Response>");
		return buffer.toString();
	}

	
	public final static String REQUEST_HEADER = "x-forwarded-for";
	/**
	 * 将客户IP写入请求头
	 * 这个设置可以伪装IP请求,注意使用
	 * @param client
	 * @param ip
	 * @return
	 */
	public static void resetRequestHeader(HttpClient client, String ip) {
		List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<Header>();
		headers.add(new Header(REQUEST_HEADER, ip));
		client.getHostConfiguration().getParams().setParameter(
				"http.default-headers", headers);
	}
}

commons-httpclient-3.1.jar

工具包,请大家到官网下载

调用webservice也有用

java.lang.ThreadLocal<>

这个类的,已空间换时间的方式,用的也不错,使用到可以去研究一下,比直接调用客户端生成要快,比动态CXF更快