写在前面:作为一只小白,感谢小甲鱼老师提供这么好的入门课程。因此在这里做个笔记,如有侵权请联系删除
www.fishc.com
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30708445/article/details/88596720
1、调用顺序
比如基类有个构造器,如Animal(),它将在创造Pig类型的对象时最先被调用,如果Pig类也有一个构造器,它将排在第二个被调用。因为基类必须在子类之前初始化。
如果构造器带有参数呢??
class Animal{
public:
Animal(std::string theName);
std::string name;
}
class Pig:public Animal{
public:
Pig(std::string theName);
}
如何定义方法呢?
Animal::Animal(std::string theName){
name = theName;
}
Pig::Pig(std::string theName):Animal(theName){
}
注意在子类的构造器定义里的“:Animal(theName)”语法含义是:
当调用Pig()构造器时(以theName作为输入参数时),Animal()构造器也将被调用(theName输入参数将传递给它)
于是,当我们调用Pig pig(“小猪猪”);将把字符串“小猪猪”传递给Pig()和Animal(),赋值动作将实际发生在Animal()方法里。
而与构造器的情况相反,基类的析构器将在子类的最后一条语句执行完毕后才被调用。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class BaseClass
{
public:
BaseClass();
~BaseClass();
void doSomething();
};
class SubClass:public BaseClass
{
public:
SubClass();
~SubClass();
};
BaseClass::BaseClass()
{
cout << "进入基类构造器...." << endl;
cout << "我在基类构造器里边干了某些事...." << endl;
}
BaseClass::~BaseClass()
{
cout << "进入基类析构器..." << endl;
cout << "我在基类析构器里边也干了某事..." << endl;
}
void BaseClass::doSomething()
{
cout << "我干了某些事..." << endl;
}
SubClass::SubClass()
{
cout << "进入子类构造器..." << endl;
cout << "我在子类构造器里干了某些事... " << endl;
}
SubClass::~SubClass()
{
cout << "进入子类析构器..." << endl;
}
int main()
{
SubClass subclass;
subclass.doSomething();
cout << "完事,收工!" << endl;
return 0;
}