1.1 propositional logic (命题逻辑)
proposition
- propositional variables: use letters to denote
- propositional calculus
- compound propositions
- true table(真值表)
- logic operators are also called connectives
- disjunction of p and q, denoted by p∪q called q or q. this or namely as an inclusive or and there is also exclusive or
关于并集交集的真值表比较简单,注意exclusive or 的表达。
conditional statements
- conditional statements(also called implication)
- p -> q p is called the hypothesis(or antecedent or premise) q is called conclusion or consequence.
- p -> q 的真值表
- biconditional statement p<->q(also called bi-implications)
- p <->q 的真值表
truth table of compound propositions
precedence of logic operators
- 四个运算符运算从高到底如下 非 和 或 -> <->
logic and bit operations
1.2 applications of propositional logic
- translating english sentences
- system specifications
- boolean searches
- logic puzzles
- logic circuits(打不出来自己看书吧,很容易混)
- gates
- NOT gate
- OR gate
- AND gate
1.3 propositional equivalences
- tautology(恒真命题,重言式)
- contradiction(矛盾式)
- contingency(翻译成一般命题?)
- logical equivalence: compound propositions that have the same truth values in all possible cases are called logically equivalent.
- logical equivalences 常用式子(基本运算重要啊!)
- identity laws
- domination laws
- idempotent laws
- double negation law
- commutative laws
- assosiative laws
- distributive laws
- de morgan’s laws
- absorption laws
- negation laws
- logical equivalences involving conditional statements
- p -> q ≡ ¬p ∨ q(最重要的)
- logical equivalences involving biconditional statements
- p <-> q ≡ (p∧q)∨(¬p∧¬q) (最重要的)