解决中文乱码

• 字符集及其编码

  (1) ASCII

  7bit，包括英文和控制字符

  (2) ISO8859-1

  8bit, 添加欧洲语言字符，兼容ASCII

  (3) GB2312

  16bit, 添加常用汉字、日文、数字等, 兼容ASCII

  (4) GBK

  16bit, 添加不常用汉字、图形等，兼容GB2312

  (5) GB18030

  添加少数民资汉字，兼容GBK

  (5) Unicode

  统一全球编码集

  UTF-8，可变长编码，每8个bit作为一组，每个字符可能是1/2/3个byte组成，第一个byte的前端代表了这个字符有几个字节；

  UTF-16, 可变长编码，每16个bit作为一组

• JSP页面乱码

  添加

    <%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8" %>
  

• Servlet页面显示乱码

  添加

    servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  

  更好的方式是添加filter

  web.xml(放在最前面)

    <filter>
        <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>characterEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contentType</param-name>
            <param-value>text/html;charset=utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
  

  EncodingFilter.java

    public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
  
        private String characterEncoding;
        private String contentType;
  
        public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
  
            this.characterEncoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("characterEncoding");
            this.contentType = filterConfig.getInitParameter("contentType");
        }
  
        public void destroy() {
        }
  
        public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest,
                             ServletResponse servletResponse,
                             FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
  
            servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding(this.characterEncoding);
  
            servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding(this.characterEncoding);
            servletResponse.setContentType(this.contentType);
  
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        }
    }
  

• post表单传递参数乱码(Servlet/JSP)

  Servlet:

    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
  

  JSP:

    <%request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");%>
  

• URL传递参数乱码

  例如： http://localhost:8080/project?name=张三

  解决办法

  修改 conf/server.xml 的