基于GIS的城市交通拥堵分析及缓堵研究—以梅州市梅江区为例

基于GIS的城市交通拥堵分析及缓堵研究—以梅州市梅江区为例

摘要：在城镇化进程持续加速的今天，梅州市的城市发展将会遇到严重的交通堵塞。随着城镇化的发展，人们对于生活品质的要求越来越高，但是，城市的交通拥挤问题也越来越严重，机动车数量逐年增加与交通管理能力不足的矛盾越来越明显。在我国梅州市，由于其自身的原因，其道路运输系统相对落后，道路运输系统也相对落后，因而引起了社会的广泛关注。

本文以梅州市梅江区为研究区域，在概述梅州市交通发展的基础上，采用地理信息系统（GIS）技术分析法、文献法和比较法，其中重点用gis空间分析等方法对梅州市交通数据等进行分析，最后得出分析的拥堵指数和拥堵等级，进而总结出拥堵原因，过程中存在的一些问题进行了探讨，包括：道路车流量过多，道路规划不合理，市民交通安全意识薄弱，汽车保有量迅速增加等。在此基础上，文章从改善城市公共交通体系，提高城市交通规划的科学性，以及加强交通法制建设等方面，提出了相应的政策建议。研究结果表明，梅州市交通拥堵主要集中在城市主要交通干道上，尤其是早晚高峰时段。该论文提出了有效的缓解拥堵的策略，包括加强公共交通建设、控制私家车数量、优化道路交通设施和改善出行环境等。

关键词： 梅州市，交通拥堵，GIS，文献法

Research on Traffic Congestion in Small and Medium Cities

Abstrat：As the urbanization process continues to accelerate today, the urban development of Meizhou city will encounter serious traffic jams. With the development of urbanization, people's requirements for the quality of life are becoming higher and higher. However, the problem of urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious, and the contradiction between the increasing number of motor vehicles and the lack of traffic management ability is becoming more and more obvious. In Meizhou city, China, due to its own reasons, its road transport system is relatively backward, and the road transport system is also relatively backward, which has attracted wide attention of the society.

On the basis of summarizing the development of traffic in Meizhou city, the process of discussing some problems in the process, including: unreasonable road planning, weak awareness of traffic safety, and the rapid increase of car ownership. On this basis, the paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions from improving the urban public transportation system, improving the scientific nature of urban traffic planning and strengthening the construction of traffic legal system.

Keywords：Medium and small cities，traffic congestion，Problems，Countermeasures and suggestions

 

目  录

1章 绪 论.............................................................................................................................. 4

1.1 研究背景和意义.......................................................................................................... 4

1.1.1 研究背景.......................................................................................................... 4

1.1.2 研究意义.......................................................................................................... 4

1.2 研究现状..................................................................................................................... 5

1.2.1 国外研究现状................................................................................................... 5

1.2.2 国内研究现状................................................................................................... 7

1.3 研究思路和研究方法................................................................................................... 9

1.3.1 研究思路.......................................................................................................... 9

1.3.2 研究方法.......................................................................................................... 9

第2章 GIS交通分析和大数据核心概念的界定......................................................................... 10

2.1 大数据的概念............................................................................................................ 10

2.2 城市交通治理与大数据的关系.................................................................................. 10

第3章 用GIS等技术对梅江区进行交通拥堵分析流程.............................................................. 13

3.1 数据来源................................................................................................................... 13

3.2 地理信息数据及交通数据获取和预处理.................................................................... 14

3.3 拥堵持续时间分布特征............................................................................................. 20

3.4 拥堵时间分布特征..................................................................................................... 21

3.5 空间分析................................................................................................................... 22

3.6 拥堵状况分析............................................................................................................ 26

3.7 平峰拥堵分析............................................................................................................ 29

3.8 高峰拥堵分析............................................................................................................ 33

第4章 梅州市交通拥堵治理存在问题的现状及问题分析......................................................... 39

4.1 机动车保有量快速增长............................................................................................. 39

4.2 道路规划欠合理........................................................................................................ 39

4.3 市民交通安全意识淡薄............................................................................................. 40

4.4 市政施工造成影响..................................................................................................... 40

第5章 进一步完善梅州市交通拥堵治理的对策....................................................................... 42

5.1 完善GIS相关的公共交通系统.................................................................................... 42

5.2 完善城市交通发展规划............................................................................................. 43

5.3 加强法制交通宣传，提高民众安全意识.................................................................... 44

5.4 减少城市道路施工的影响.......................................................................................... 44

第六章 GIS交通拥堵分析中的优势、不足及未来发展趋势......................................