信号量习题

题目：三个进程分别打印A,B,C，要求输出的结果必须是“ABCABC”顺序执行

设置三个信号量：
sem1：初始值设置为1，保证进程可以执行，对sem1执行P操作，进程3输出C后，对sem1进行V操作
sem2：初始值设为0，进程2执行后对sem2进行P操作，进程1输出A后对sem2进行V操作
sem3：初始值设为0，进程3执行后对sem3执行P操作，进程2输出B后对sem3执行V操作

sem.h

#pragma once
typedef union semun
{
	int val;
}SemUn;
int GetSem(int key, int initval[],int n);

int DelSem(int semid);

int SemP(int semid,int index);

int SemV(int semid,int index);

sem.c

#include "sem.h"
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int GetSem(int key,int initval[], int n)
{
	int semid = semget((key_t)key , 0, 0664);
	if(semid == -1)
	{
		semid = semget((key_t)key, n, 0664 | IPC_CREAT);
		if(semid == -1)
		{
			return -1;
		}

		int i = 0;
		for(; i < n;++i)
		{
			SemUn data;
			data.val = initval[i];
			int res = semctl(semid, i, SETVAL, data);
			if(res == -1)
			{
				DelSem(semid);
				return -1;
			}
		}
	}
	return semid;
}

int SemP(int semid, int index)
{
	struct sembuf buf;
	buf.sem_num = index;
	buf.sem_op = -1;
	buf.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

	int res = semop(semid,  &buf, 1);
	if(res == -1)
	{
		return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

int SemV(int semid, int index)
{
	struct sembuf buf;
	buf.sem_num = index;
	buf.sem_op = 1;
	buf.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

	int res = semop(semid, &buf, 1);
	if(res == -1)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

int DelSem(int semid)
{
	int res = semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
	if(res == -1)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

1.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "sem.h"
int main()
{
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	int initval[] = {1, 0, 0};
	int semid = GetSem(1234, initval,sizeof(initval)/sizeof(initval[0]));
	assert(semid != -1);

	int count = 0;
	while(count < 5)
	{
		SemP(semid, 0);
		printf("A");
		fflush(stdout);
		int n = rand() % 3;
		sleep(n);

		SemV(semid,1);
		count ++;
	}
	exit(0);
}

2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "sem.h"
int main()
{
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	int initval[] = {1,0,0};
	int semid = GetSem(1234, initval,sizeof(initval)/sizeof(initval[0]));
	assert(semid != -1);

	int count = 0;
	while(count < 5)
	{
		SemP(semid, 1);
		printf("B");
		fflush(stdout);
		int n = rand() % 3;
		sleep(n);

		SemV(semid,2);
		count ++;
	}
	exit(0);
}

3.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "sem.h"
int main()
{
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	int initval[] = {1,0,0};
	int semid = GetSem(1234, initval,sizeof(initval)/sizeof(initval[0]));
	assert(semid != -1);

	int count = 0;
	while(count < 5)
	{
		SemP(semid, 2);
		printf("C");
		fflush(stdout);
		int n = rand() % 3;
		sleep(n);

		SemV(semid,0);
		count ++;
	}
	exit(0);
}

执行结果：