串口通信基本知识及实例开发2（Com口通信开发实例）

上一篇讲的是Com通信的基本知识，这一篇讲一下Com开发实例

首先，找一个com头，有公母之分，现在一般都是Usb转Com的，短接一下Com头的2(接收pin)/3(发送pin),然后就可以进行测试了

在短接的时候注意一下别短接错了,使用winform做出如下的界面

1.定义一个SerialPort

private SerialPort ComDevice=new SerialPort();

2.Load初始化及接收数据的方法

private void Form_Load(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
    //获取主机所有的COM口
    cmbCom.Items.AddRange(SerialPort.GetPortNames());
    if(cmbCom.Items.Count>0)
    {
        cmbCom.SelectedIndex=0;
    }
    cmbBaudRate.SelectedIndex=5;
    cmbDataBits.SelectedIndex=0;
    cmbCheck.SelectedIndex=0;
    cmbStopBits.SelectedIndex=0;
    //给DataReceived事件注册数据接收方法
    ComDevice.DataReceived+=new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(Com_DataReceived);
}

//接收数据
private void Com_DataReceived(object sender,SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
    byte[] ReDatas=new byte[ComDevice.BytesToRead];
    //读取数据
    ComDevice.Read(ReDatas,0,ReDatas.Length);
    //输出数据
    AddData(ReDatas);
}
//根据选择的格式进行转换
private void AddData(byte[] reDatas)
{
    if(rbtnHexReceive.Checked)
    {
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
        for(int i=0;i<reDatas.Length;i++)
        {
            sb.AppendFormat("{0:x2}"+" ",reDatas[i]);
        }
        AddContent(sb.ToString().ToUpper());
    }
    else if(rbtnAscReceive.Checked)
    {
        AddContent(new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(reDatas));    
    }
    else if(rbtnUTFReceive.Checked)
    {
        AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(reDatas));
    }
    else if(rbtnUnicodeReceive.Checked)
    {
        AddContent(new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(reDatas));
    }
    txtReceiveCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
    {
        txtReceiveCount.Text=(int.Parse(txtReceiveCount.Text)+reDatas.Length).ToString();
    }));
}


//委托执行控件信息
privte void AddContent(string content)
{
    this.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
    {
        txtReceiveData.AppendText(content);
    }));
}

3.打开Com口

private void btnOpenCom_Click(object sender,Eventargs e)
{
    if(cmbCom.Items.Count<1)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("没有发现串口");
        return;
    }
    if(ComDevice.IsOpen==false)
    {
        ComDevice.PortName=cmbCom.SelectedItem.ToString();
        ComDevice.BaudRate=Convert.ToInt32(cmbBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());
        ComDevice.Parity=(Parity)Convert.ToInt32(cmbCheck.SelectedIndex.ToString());
        ComDevice.DataBits=Convert.ToInt32(cmbDataBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
        ComDevice.StopBits=(StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cmbStopBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
        try
        {
            ComDevice.Open();
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message,"error");
        }
    }
    else
    {
        try
        {
            ComDevice.Close();
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message,"error");
        }
    }
}

4.发送数据

//串口发送数据
private bool SendData(byte[] data)
{
    try
    {
        if(ComDevice.IsOpen)
        {
            ComDevice.Write(data,0,data.Length);
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            MessageBox.Show("串口未打开");
            return false;
        }
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
        return false;
    }
}
//点击发送数据的动作
private void btnSend_Click(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
      byte[] sendData=null;
      if(rbtnHexSend.Checked)
        {
            sendData=strtoHexByte(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
        }
        else if(rbtnAscSend.Checked)
        {
            sendData=Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
        }
         else if(rbtnUTFSend.Checked)
        {
            sendData=Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
        }
         else if(rbtnUnicodeSend.Checked)
        {
            sendData=Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
        }
         else
        {
            sendData=Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
        }
         //发送数据
        if(this.SendData(sendData))
        {
            txtSendCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
            {
                txtSendCount.Text=(int.Parse(txtSendCount.Text)+txtSendData.Text.Length).ToString();
            }));
        }
        else
        {
            ;
        }
    
}

//字符串转换为16进制的数组
private byte[] strtoHexByte(string hexString)
{
    hexString=hexString.Replace(" ","");
    if(hexString.Length%2!=0)
    {
        hexString+=" ";
    }
    byte[] returnBytes=new Byte[hexString.Length/2];
    for(int i=0;i<returnBytes.Length;i++)
    {
        returnBytes[i]=Convert.ToByte(hexString.Substring(i*2,2).Replace(" ",""),16);
    }
    return returnBytes;
}

5.清空的动作

private void btnClearReceiveArea_Click(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
    txtReceiveData.Clear();
}

private void btnClearSendArea_Click(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
    txtSendData.CLear();
}