JavaFX对话框控件-Alert

• 一种可以定制多种行为、外观的弹出框
• 按钮可以控制
• 类型可控制
• 支持展开详情信息展示
  

常用属性

alertType

弹框类型，不同类型会出现不同小图标，通过构造方法赋值
可以设置graphic，自定义图标

Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR);
// 类型枚举
public static enum AlertType {
	NONE,
	INFORMATION,
	WARNING,
	CONFIRMATION,
	ERROR
}

title

弹出框标题，标题太长会把超长部分截取，后面加上……

alert.setTitle("标题");

contentText

弹出框内容，内容太多，不会被截取，会把弹出框撑变形

alert.setContentText("内容信息");

buttonTypes

设置弹框按钮类型列表，可以添加、删除或重新排序按钮，通过构造方法赋值

Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR, "内容信息", ButtonType.OK, ButtonType.CLOSE);
// 按钮类型枚举
public final class ButtonType {
    public static final ButtonType APPLY = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.apply.button", null, ButtonData.APPLY);
    public static final ButtonType OK = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.ok.button", null, ButtonData.OK_DONE);
    public static final ButtonType CANCEL = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.cancel.button", null, ButtonData.CANCEL_CLOSE);
    public static final ButtonType CLOSE = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.close.button", null, ButtonData.CANCEL_CLOSE);
	public static final ButtonType YES = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.yes.button", null, ButtonData.YES);
    public static final ButtonType NO = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.no.button", null, ButtonData.NO);
    public static final ButtonType FINISH = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.finish.button", null, ButtonData.FINISH);
    public static final ButtonType NEXT = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.next.button", null, ButtonData.NEXT_FORWARD);
    public static final ButtonType PREVIOUS = new ButtonType(
            "Dialog.previous.button", null, ButtonData.BACK_PREVIOUS);
}			

initOwner

设置弹框的所有者，用于确定对话框的位置和模式

alert.initOwner(stage);

graphic

设置弹出框的小图标，否则会采用AlertType默认图标

alert.setGraphic(new ImageView("icon.png"));

headerText

设置弹框的头部信息，否则会使用AlertType默认信息

alert.setHeaderText("headerText信息");

dialogPane

获取 Alert 的内部 DialogPane，允许进一步定制对话框的布局和内容，其中最重要的是expandableContent

TextArea textArea = new TextArea("展开显示详细内容");
textArea.setEditable(false);
textArea.setWrapText(true);
textArea.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
textArea.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
alert.getDialogPane().setExpandableContent(textArea);

常用事件

显示事件setOnShowing

alert.setOnShowing((e) -> {
    System.out.println(e.getEventType() + " ->" + e.getSource().getClass() + " -> " + e.getTarget().getClass());
});

显示事件setOnShown

alert.setOnShown((e) -> {
   System.out.println(e.getEventType() + " ->" + e.getSource().getClass() + " -> " + e.getTarget().getClass());
});

弹框按钮点击

Optional<ButtonType> optional = alert.showAndWait();
System.out.println(optional.map(ButtonType::getText).orElse("无"));

综合案例

    public static Parent demo1(Window owner) {
        FlowPane flowPane = new FlowPane();
        flowPane.setHgap(10);
        flowPane.setVgap(10);
        flowPane.setOrientation(Orientation.VERTICAL);
        Button button1 = new Button("demo1");
        button1.setOnMouseClicked((event) -> {
            if (MouseButton.PRIMARY.equals(event.getButton())) {
                Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR, "内容信息", ButtonType.OK, ButtonType.CLOSE);
                alert.initOwner(owner);
                alert.setTitle("title信息");
                alert.setHeaderText("headerText信息");
                alert.setContentText("contentText信息");
                alert.setGraphic(new ImageView("icon.png"));

                TextArea textArea = new TextArea("展开显示详细内容");
                textArea.setEditable(false);
                textArea.setWrapText(true);
                textArea.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
                textArea.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
                alert.getDialogPane().setExpandableContent(textArea);
                alert.setOnShowing((e) -> {
                    System.out.println(e.getEventType() + " ->" + e.getSource().getClass() + " -> " + e.getTarget().getClass());
                });
                alert.setOnShown((e) -> {
                    System.out.println(e.getEventType() + " ->" + e.getSource().getClass() + " -> " + e.getTarget().getClass());
                });
                Optional<ButtonType> optional = alert.showAndWait();
                System.out.println(optional.map(ButtonType::getText).orElse("无"));
            }
        });
        flowPane.getChildren().add(button1);
        return flowPane;
    }

设置弹框在owner的中间

    private static void setCenterInOwner(Alert alert, Window owner) {
        alert.heightProperty().addListener(it -> {
            double centerX = owner.getX() + owner.getWidth() / 2;
            double centerY = owner.getY() + owner.getHeight() / 2;

            double alertWidth = alert.getWidth();
            double alertHeight = alert.getHeight();
            double alertScreenX = centerX - alert.getWidth() / 2;
            double alertScreenY = centerY - alert.getHeight() / 2;

            // 获取屏幕的宽度和高度
            double width = Screen.getPrimary().getVisualBounds().getWidth();
            double height = Screen.getPrimary().getVisualBounds().getHeight();

            if (alertScreenX + alertWidth > width)
                alertScreenX = (int) (width - alertWidth);
            else if (alertScreenX < 0) {
                alertScreenX = 0;
            }

            if (alertScreenY + alertHeight > height) {
                alertScreenY = (int) (height - alertHeight);
            } else if (alertScreenY < 0) {
                alertScreenY = 0;
            }

            alert.setX(alertScreenX);
            alert.setY(alertScreenY);
        });
    }