注解方式配置bean实现方式
@Component声明
- Cat类
@Getter
@Setter
@Component
public class Cat {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private List<String> hobby;
public Cat() {
}
public Cat(String name, Integer age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String get() {
return this.toString();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Cat{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
", hobby=" + hobby +
'}';
}
}
- 测试代码
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class IocTest {
@Autowired
private Cat cat;
@Test
public void get() {
System.out.println(cat.get());
}
}
配置类中使用@Bean
- 编写MyCatConfiguration文件注册Bean
@Configuration
public class MyCatConfiguration {
@Bean
public Cat cat() {
return new Cat();
}
}
cat类、测试代码同上,但Cat类需要去除@Component
实现FactorBean接口
- MyCatFactorBean实现FactoryBean接口
@Component
public class MyCatFactorBean implements FactoryBean<Cat> {
@Override
public Cat getObject() throws Exception {
return new Cat();
}
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return Cat.class;
}
}
cat类、测试代码同上
实现BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口
- MyCatBeanRegistry类
@Component
public class MyCatBeanRegistry implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
RootBeanDefinition rootBeanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition();
rootBeanDefinition.setBeanClass(Cat.class);
registry.registerBeanDefinition("cat",rootBeanDefinition);
}
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
}
}
cat类、测试代码同上
实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口
- MyCatImportRegistrar类
@Component
public class MyCatImportRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
RootBeanDefinition rootBeanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition();
rootBeanDefinition.setBeanClass(Cat.class);
registry.registerBeanDefinition("cat", rootBeanDefinition);
}
}
- 测试代码使用@Import导入MyCatImportRegistrar类
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@Import(MyCatImportRegistrar.class)
public class IocTest {
@Autowired
private Cat cat;
@Test
public void get() {
System.out.println(cat.get());
}
}
注解方式配置bean优缺点
优点
- 使用简单
不用编写xml定义,只需要在加入指定的注解 - 开发效率高
- 高内聚
缺点
- 配置分散
- 对象关系不清晰
- 配置修改需要重新编译工程