opencv学习笔记（15）轮廓发现

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-14 21:18:37 发布

chagiko

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-14 21:18:37 发布

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分类专栏： opencv学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chagiko/article/details/113869986

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参考：python-opencv2利用cv2.findContours()函数来查找检测物体的轮廓
试验用图：
在这里插入图片描述

1.图像二值化寻找边缘

#coding=UTF-8
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np

def contours_demo(image):
    dst = cv.GaussianBlur(image,(3,3),0)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(dst,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV|cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    #binary = cv.adaptiveThreshold(gray,255,cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C,cv.THRESH_BINARY,9,4)
    cv.imshow("binary",binary)
    cloneImage,contours,heriachy = cv.findContours(binary,cv.RETR_TREE,cv.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    for i,contour in enumerate(contours):
        cv.drawContours(image,contours,i,(0,255,0),2)
    cv.imshow("detect contours",image)
    
    

scr = cv.imread("D:/academic/picture/opencv_data/pic3.png")
cv.imshow("input image",scr)
contours_demo(scr)
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()

效果：
在这里插入图片描述

tips：
1.如果二值化之后的图像的底色是白色，那么最后的绘图会把整张图片框进去，如图所示（第三章图片的边框是绿色的）：
在这里插入图片描述
2.

cloneImage,contours,heriachy = cv.findContours(binary,cv.RETR_TREE,cv.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

这行代码因opencv版本而异，opencv2.x和4.x只需要写成

contours,heriachy = cv.findContours(binary,cv.RETR_TREE,cv.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

而opencv3.x要写成第一行那种。

2.canny边缘检测寻找边缘

#coding=UTF-8
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
def edge_demo(image):
    blurred = cv.GaussianBlur(image,(3,3),0)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(blurred,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    grad_x = cv.Sobel(gray,cv.CV_16SC1,1,0)
    grad_y = cv.Sobel(gray,cv.CV_16SC1,0,1)
    #edge_output = cv.Canny(image,50,150)
    # canny的高低阈值比例一般为1：2或1：3
    edge_output = cv.Canny(grad_x,grad_y,50,150)
    return edge_output

def contours_demo(image):
    binary = edge_demo(image)
    cv.imshow("binary",binary)
    cloneImage,contours,heriachy = cv.findContours(binary,cv.RETR_TREE,cv.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    for i,contour in enumerate(contours):
        cv.drawContours(image,contours,i,(0,255,0),2)
    cv.imshow("detect contours",image)
    
    

scr = cv.imread("D:/academic/picture/opencv_data/pic3.png")
cv.imshow("input image",scr)
contours_demo(scr)
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()