Android初学之死了么app用户界面设计和RecyclerView控件的设计开发

谁让我是长笑呢

已于 2023-10-14 13:21:00 修改

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文章标签： android

于 2023-10-14 11:55:02 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/changxiaoren/article/details/133822416

版权

实验环境

在Android Studio中进行有关代码的编写和界面效果展示

图标来源于高清图片，堆糖，美图壁纸兴趣社区

界面分析

主界面上方使用top.xml,下方使用bottom.xml,而中间使用container去获取fragment,用作界面的主要功能，在bottom进行点击后，可实现fragment之间的转变

主界面如下

当点击不同的地方时实现改变

界面布局的代码实现：

顶部top.xml
底端bottom.xml
中间内容四个分段fragment.xml
窗体总布局的activity_main.xml
四个分段fragment.xml对应的.java文件
主函数文件MainActivity.java
item.xml文件，用来存放RecycleView的TextView

顶部top.xml

（布局可以通过设置android:background属性改变背景颜色，文本可以通过设置android:textColor属性改变字体颜色，android:gravity改变位置信息。）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="62dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="45dp"
        android:background="@color/black"
        android:textColor="@color/white"
        android:text="死了么" />
</LinearLayout>

底端bottom.xml

（为节省篇幅此处只给出了第一个垂直式的LinearLayout-绑定界面）
android:gravity属性可以定义布局内控件的对齐方式，居中、水平居中和垂直居中
android:orientation属性可以定义布局内控件的排列方式，一般有水平式和垂直式android:layout_weight把权重都设置为1，让图片保持一致

android:layout_height设置图片的高度，这里把所有图片都统一成100dp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="bottom">

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/line1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:src="@drawable/one" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:textSize="20dp"
            android:text="绑定" />
    </LinearLayout>

activity_main.xml

（包含top、container、bottom三个部分id，用 include 语句调用顶部和底部导航栏两个xml文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <include
        android:id="@+id/top"
        layout="@layout/top"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="681dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <include
        android:id="@+id/bottom"
        layout="@layout/bottom"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

fragment1的smartbinging.xml

存在一个button来实现点击按钮，

一个文本来实现界面显示文本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/linearLayout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView5"
        android:layout_width="318dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="智能检测脉搏"
        android:textSize="35dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.505"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.786" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="一键绑定手环"
        android:textSize="60dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.351"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.504" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

fragment2的music.xml

这里主要实现RecyclerView，只有RecyclerView一个控件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView6"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="65dp"
        android:textSize="40dp"
        android:background="@color/dimgray"
        android:textColor="@color/white"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="请选择你的出殡音乐" />

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/RecycleViewMusic"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>

fragment3的car.xml

具体功能与car相同，这里不过多解释

fragment4的setting.xml

存在switch来实现控件的开关

存在textview实现文本显示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView5"
        android:layout_width="411dp"
        android:layout_height="318dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="这是设置界面"
        android:textSize="45dp" />

    <Switch
        android:id="@+id/switch4"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="35dp"
        android:textOff="关"
        android:textOn="开"
        android:text="智能一键收尸" />

    <Switch
        android:id="@+id/switch5"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="35dp"
        android:text="手机格式化" />
</LinearLayout>

item.xml

主要为recycleview实现文本的显示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView31"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="63dp"
        android:text="TextView"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

</LinearLayout>

主要java代码实现

ActivityMain.java

主要进行点击监听，实现点击的界面转变，

另外使用ViewBinding控件，更合适对各种控件进行使用

package com.example.myhomowork;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

import com.example.myhomowork.databinding.MainActivityBinding;
// 一键绑定手环，智能检测脉搏
// 选择下葬音乐
// 选择下葬灵车
// 设置界面，一键收尸，格式化手机

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    MainActivityBinding mainBinding;
    Fragment smartbinging ,music,car,setting;
    FragmentManager fm;
    FragmentTransaction ft;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_activity);
        mainBinding = MainActivityBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        View view = mainBinding.getRoot();
        setContentView(view);
        music = new Music();
        smartbinging = new SmartBinging();
        car = new Car();
        setting = new Setting();
        fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
        initial();
        ft = fm.beginTransaction().show(smartbinging);
        ft.commit();
        mainBinding.bottom.line1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                fragment_hide();
                ft = fm.beginTransaction().show(smartbinging);
                ft.commit();
            }
        });
        mainBinding.bottom.line2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                fragment_hide();
                ft = fm.beginTransaction().show(music);
                ft.commit();
            }
        });
        mainBinding.bottom.line3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                fragment_hide();
                ft = fm.beginTransaction().show(car);
                ft.commit();
            }
        });
        mainBinding.bottom.line4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                fragment_hide();
                ft = fm.beginTransaction().show(setting);
                ft.commit();
            }
        });
    }
//
    private void fragment_hide() {
        ft = fm.beginTransaction()
                .hide(smartbinging)
                .hide(music)
                .hide(car)
                .hide(setting);
        ft.commit();
    }

    private void initial() {
        ft = fm.beginTransaction()
                .add(R.id.content,smartbinging)
                .add(R.id.content, music)
                .add(R.id.content, car)
                .add(R.id.content, setting);
        ft.commit();
        fragment_hide();
    }

}

SmartBinging.java

主要实现对button点击过后的检测，当点击过后实现输出文字

package com.example.myhomowork;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class SmartBinging extends Fragment {
    Button button;
    View view;
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment

        view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.smartbining, container, false);
        button = view.findViewById(R.id.button4);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),"正在搜索手环当中",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
        return view;
    }
}

Music.java

这里实现RecycleView的线性布局管理器,滑动实现查看

这里list存在过多添加，代码只显示一条

package com.example.myhomowork;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class Music extends Fragment {

    Context context;
    RecyclerView recyclerView;
    View view;
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.music, container, false);
        recyclerView= view.findViewById(R.id.RecycleViewMusic);
        List<String> songs = new ArrayList<>();
        songs.add("七里香");

        MyAdapter myadapter = new MyAdapter(getContext(),songs);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(myadapter);
        LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(getContext());
        manager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);
        return view;
    }
}

Car.java

实现网格布局管理器，让一行实现多个文本

这里list存在过多添加，代码只显示一条

package com.example.myhomowork;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Car extends Fragment {
    View view;
    RecyclerView recyclerView;
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.car, container, false);
        recyclerView= view.findViewById(R.id.RecycleViewCar);
        List<String> cars = new ArrayList<>();
        cars.add("奥迪A4");
        MyAdapter myadapter = new MyAdapter(getContext(),cars);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(myadapter);
        GridLayoutManager layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(getContext(),2);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        return view;
    }
}

setting.java

实现switch的开与关的监听

package com.example.myhomowork;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Switch;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class Setting extends Fragment {
    Switch aSwitch1,aSwitch2;
    View view;
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.setting, container, false);
        aSwitch1 = view.findViewById(R.id.switch4);
        aSwitch1.setOnCheckedChangeListener((compoundButton, b) -> {
            if (b){
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),"一键收尸功能以打开",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else  {
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),"一键收尸功能以关闭",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
        aSwitch2 = view.findViewById(R.id.switch5);
        aSwitch2.setOnCheckedChangeListener((compoundButton, b) -> {
            if (b){
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),"死亡后手机格式化功能以打开",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else  {
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),"死亡后手机格式化功能以关闭",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
        return view;
    }
}

MyAdapter.java

自定义设配器，用来将list内容适配到recycleview当中

myHolder.setIsRecyclable(false)功能要打开，不然会导致显示错误

package com.example.myhomowork;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.List;


public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.MyHolder> {
    List<String> list1;
    Context context1;
    public MyAdapter(Context context,List list) {
        this.context1 = context;
        this.list1 = list;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public MyHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view=View.inflate(context1,R.layout.item,null);
//        View view= LayoutInflater.from(context1).inflate(R.layout.item,parent,false);
        MyHolder myHolder = new MyHolder(view);
        myHolder.setIsRecyclable(false);
        return myHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MyHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.textView.setText(list1.get(position));
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {

        return list1.size();
    }
    class MyHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        TextView textView;
        public MyHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            textView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView31);
        }
    }
}

小结：

在Android Studio中进行死了么APP门户界面的初步设计，实现了top和bottom导航栏的设计，及中间片段图层之间的隐藏与切换，最后实现了点击菜单后切换问题。用到了TextView、ImageView、switch、button、LinearLayout、Fragment组件，了解了点击事件onClick函数的编写。另外实现了RecycleView的使用，通过自己编写的MyAdapter进行适配，实现功能。

具体代码以上传https://gitee.com/asfadfas/are-you-dead.git