初识Flutter集成测试-UI自动化测试

目录

一、使用flutter driver进行集成测试，即UI自动化测试

1. 创建一个应用程序进行测试

2. 添加依赖项

3. 创建测试文件

4. 安装测试应用程序

5. 编写集成测试

6. 运行集成测试

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一、使用flutter driver进行集成测试，即UI自动化测试

参考：https://flutter.cn/docs/cookbook/testing/integration/introduction

1. 创建一个应用程序进行测试

1）在Android Studio中创建插件“Flutter”

2）创建Flutter Project，项目名字自己定。如下图，我的项目名字是“myapp”

2. 添加依赖项

dev_dependencies:
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_driver:
    sdk: flutter
  test: any

1）在myapp/pubspec.yaml中的dev_dependencies 区域中添加flutter_driver（用于编写集成测试）和test（需要用到函数和断言）

2）安装依赖，在命令行输入：flutter pub get

3. 创建测试文件

在根目录“myapp”下创建文件夹“test_driver”，然后在“test_driver”下新建两个文件，分别是app.dart（随便命名）和app_test.dart（命名格式必须是xxx_test.dart）

4. 安装测试应用程序

1）包含两步：第一“启用flutter driver”，第二“运行应用程序”

2）在test_driver/app.dart 文件中增加以下代码：

注意：第二行中的包名是项目名称，避免无脑复制粘贴哦~

import 'package:flutter_driver/driver_extension.dart';
import 'package:myapp/main.dart' as app;

void main() {
  // This line enables the extension.
  enableFlutterDriverExtension();

  // Call the `main()` function of the app, or call `runApp` with
  // any widget you are interested in testing.
  app.main();
}

5. 编写集成测试

在test_driver/app_test.dart 文件中增加以下代码：

// Imports the Flutter Driver API.
import 'package:flutter_driver/flutter_driver.dart';
import 'package:test/test.dart';

void main() {
  group('Counter App', () {
    // First, define the Finders and use them to locate widgets from the
    // test suite. Note: the Strings provided to the `byValueKey` method must
    // be the same as the Strings we used for the Keys in step 1.
    final counterTextFinder = find.byValueKey('counter');
    final buttonFinder = find.byValueKey('increment');

    FlutterDriver driver;

    // Connect to the Flutter driver before running any tests.
    setUpAll(() async {
      driver = await FlutterDriver.connect();
    });

    // Close the connection to the driver after the tests have completed.
    tearDownAll(() async {
      driver.close();
    });

    test('starts at 0', () async {
      // Use the `driver.getText` method to verify the counter starts at 0.
      expect(await driver.getText(counterTextFinder), "0");
    });

    test('increments the counter', () async {
      // First, tap the button.
      await driver.tap(buttonFinder);

      // Then, verify the counter text is incremented by 1.
      expect(await driver.getText(counterTextFinder), "1");
    });

    test('increments the counter during animation', () async {
      await driver.runUnsynchronized(() async {
        // First, tap the button.
        await driver.tap(buttonFinder);

        // Then, verify the counter text is incremented by 1.
        expect(await driver.getText(counterTextFinder), "1");
      });
    });
  });
}

1）注意，此处用到了依赖项，flutter_driver和test

2）代码中的测试步骤有待研究，暂时忽略

6. 运行集成测试

1）连接真机或者模拟器

我用的是Android Studio中的安卓模拟器和xcode中的模拟器iPhone 12

2）在项目的根文件夹下（myapp）运行命令：

flutter drive --target=test_driver/app.dart

3）若APP能打开但是测试结果均失败，则替换myapp/lib/main.dart中内容如下：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Counter App',
      home: MyHomePage(title: 'Counter App Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);

  final String title;

  @override
  _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  int _counter = 0;

  void _incrementCounter() {
    setState(() {
      _counter++;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            Text(
              'You have pushed the button this many times:',
            ),
            Text(
              '$_counter',
              // Provide a Key to this specific Text Widget. This allows us
              // to identify this specific Widget from inside our test suite and
              // read the text.
              key: Key('counter'),
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.display1,
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        // Provide a Key to this the button. This allows us to find this
        // specific button and tap it inside the test suite.
        key: Key('increment'),
        onPressed: _incrementCounter,
        tooltip: 'Increment',
        child: Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
    );
  }
}

4）可以看到运行结果中，包含了app_test.dart 文件中的测试步骤：