Django学习笔记

Django学习笔记

资料链接

1. 视频链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1vK4y1o7jH
2. 笔记链接：https://blog.csdn.net/king_weng/category_11734882.html
3. 需要软件：VM, ubantu, django, Pycharm

创建一个页面的流程

1. 终端操作：
   1)创建项目：django-admin stratproject xxx
   2)创建应用：将进入文件夹(不是同名文件夹), python3 manage.py startapp user(用户名)
   3)打开数据库：mysql -u root -p(需要su进入超级管理模式)
   4)创建数据库：create database xxx default charset utf8
   5)启动服务器: python3 manage.py runserver(文件夹下)
2. Pycharm中：
   1)项目打开，项目位置open
   2)常规配置（setting.py）： ‘应用’ 47行注释

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        # 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
        'NAME': 'xxx',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306'
    }
}

3)应用.models.py中 : 模板类，补充输出格式

def __str__(self):
    return 'username %s'%(self.username)

3. 终端操作
   1)同步数据库：python3 manage.py makemigrations 与 python3 manage.py migrate
   2)mysql中查看表头内容：use xxx show tables; desc 哪个表

4. Pycharm中：
   1)应用.veiw.py中: 加视图函数

def reg_view(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render(request, 'user/register.html')
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST['username']
        password_1 = request.POST['password_1']
        password_2 = request.POST['password_2']
        # 1，两个密码要保持一致并
        if password_1 != password_2:
             return HttpResponse('error')
        #Hash
        m = hashlib.md5(password_1.encode("utf8"))
        password_m = m.hexdigest()
        # 2，当前用户名是否可用, find
        old_users = User.objects.filter(username=username)
        if old_users:
             return HttpResponse('error')
        #3，插入数据【明文处理密码】
        #拦截多线程错误
        try:
            user = User.objects.create(username=username, password=password_m )
        except Exception as e:
            print('--create user errpr')
            return HttpResponse('error')
        #session更安全 免登录一天
        #记录会话状态
        request.session['username'] = username
        request.session['uid'] = user.id
        return HttpResponse('success')

2)应用.templates.user.xx.html
<form action="/user/reg" method="post">
3)同名目录下.urls.py(主路由): path(‘user/’, include(‘应用.urls’))
from django.urls import path, include
4)应用urls.py
5)修饰器做登陆校验
#first 装饰器 then function
@check_login

def check_login(fn): #first function
    def wrap(request, *args, **kwargs): #then parameters
        if 'username' not in request.session or 'uid' not in request.session:
            c_username = request.COOKIES.get('username')
            c_uid = request.COOKIES.get('uid')
            if not c_username or not c_uid:
                return HttpResponseRedirect('/user/login')
            else:
                request.session['username'] = c_username
                request.session['uid'] = c_uid

        return fn(request, *args, **kwargs)
    return wrap