C++的常量const基本用法

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Const {
	const int i;
	int j;
public:
	Const(int ci);
	void test();
	const int* constTest();
	int* constTest2() const;
};

Const::Const(int ci):i(ci) {
	j = 18;
};

void Const::test() {
	int i0 = i;
	cout << "i0 = " << i0 << endl;//地址值

	const int* i1;//整型指针，值是常量
	i1 = &i0;
	//int* const i2;//必须要直接初始化
	int* const i2 = &i0;//整型指针，指针是常量

	cout << "i1 = " << i1 << endl;//地址值
	cout << "i2 = " << i2 << endl;//地址值
	
	//i2++;//不能改变指针
	*i2 = 1;//可以改变值
	
	cout << "i1 = " << i1 << endl;//地址值
	cout << "i2 = " << i2 << endl;//地址值
	
	cout << "*i1 = " << *i1 << endl;//1
	cout << "*i2 = " << *i2 << endl;//1

	i1++;//可以改变指针
	//*i1 = 2;//不能改变值
	
	cout << "i1 = " << i1 << endl;//地址值（已改变）
	cout << "i2 = " << i2 << endl;//地址值
	
	*i2 = 5;

	cout << "*i1 = " << *i1 << endl;//未知值
	cout << "*i2 = " << *i2 << endl;//5
	
	cout << "++*i2 = " << ++*i2 << endl;//6
	cout << "*i2 = " << *i2 << endl;//6
}

/* const写在方法名前面，表示返回值是const */
const int* Const::constTest() {
	j++;
	return &j;
}

/* const写在方法名后面，表示是const函数 */
int* Const::constTest2() const {
	//j++;//const函数内不允许修改数据成员
	//int* j1 = j;//const函数内不允许赋值给int*
	int j1 = j;
	j1++;
	return &j1;
}

int main() {
	Const c(3);
	c.test();

	const int* const p = c.constTest();
	cout << "*p = " << *p << endl;//19
	
	const int* p2  = c.constTest2();
	cout << "*p2 = " << *p2 << endl;//20

getchar();
};

我机器上的运行结果如下：

i0 = 3
i1 = 001DF950
i2 = 001DF950
i1 = 001DF950
i2 = 001DF950
*i1 = 1
*i2 = 1
i1 = 001DF954
i2 = 001DF950
*i1 = -858993460
*i2 = 5
++*i2 = 6
*i2 = 5
*p = 19
*p2 = 20