Groovy字符串很groovy

字符串定义：
1.'' //一般字符串，不解析表达式
eg:
def mess = 'Hello.'
'I say ${mess}' //Result: "I say ${mess}"
2."" //一般字符串，解析表达式
eg:
def mess = 'Hello.'
"I say ${mess}" //Result: "I say Hello."
3.
'''
'''和
"""
""" //段落字符，单引号不解析表达式，双引号解析表达式
eg:
def sqlQuery = '''
SELECT id
FROM table
WHERE 1=1
'''

字符串索引：
def mess = 'Hello World'
mess[2..7] //Result: "llo Wo"
mess[2..<7] //Result: "llo W"
mess[2] //Result: "l"
mess[2,6] //Result: "lW"

字符串操作：
mess - 'rld' //Result: "Hello Wo"
mess*3 //Result: "Hello WorldHello WorldHello World"
'?'*5 //Result: "?????"
mess << ' Yeah' //Result: Hello World Yeah

字符串方法(部分方法)：
def mess = 'Hello World'
mess.count('o') //Result: 2；计算指定字符出现次数
mess.size() //Result: 11；和length()方法一样
mess.length() //Result: 11
mess.contains('orl') //Result: true
mess.center(18) //Result: " Hello World "；如果字符数量小于指定参数，则两边补空格
mess.center(18,'*') //Result: "***Hello World****"；如果字符数量小于指定参数，则两边补第二个参数
mess.reverse() //Result: "dlroW olleH"
'Hello'.toList() //Result: ["H", "e", "l", "l", "o"]
mess.padLeft(15) //Result: " Hello World"
mess.padLeft(15,'#') //Result: "####Hello World"
mess.padRight(15) //Result: "Hello World "
mess.padRight(15,'#') //Result: "Hello World####"
mess.getAt(2..5) //Result: "llo "
mess.getAt([2,6]) //Result: "lW"

字符串比较：
'abc' == 'abc' //Result: true；比较值是否相等
'abc' <=> 'abc' //Result: 0；和
'abc' <=> 'abf' //Result: -1
'abc' <=> 'Abf' //Result: 1
'abc'.compareTo('abc') //Result: 0
'abc'.compareTo('abf') //Result: -3
'abc'.compareTo('Abf') //Result: 32

find方法，支持表达式：
def s = 'abcdefg'
s.find('bc.?') //bcd
s.find('bc.*') //bcdefg
s.find('bc.*e') //bcde

正则表达式：
使用=~ 'regex’表示正则表达式
'abc' ==~ '^.?bc' //Result: true