最近对html5产生了兴趣,所以花了点心思在这方面,基于JBoss Netty写了个简单的web socket应用,主要拷贝了Netty的官方范例代码,如果想深入了解的话,最好还是好好看看Java NIO及Netty。
服务器端代码:
1、创建一个简单的管道实现:
package org.penguin.study.nettty.http.websocket;
import static org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels.pipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpChunkAggregator;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
public class WebSocketServerPipelineFactory implements ChannelPipelineFactory {
public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
// Create a default pipeline implementation.
ChannelPipeline pipeline = pipeline();
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpChunkAggregator(65536));
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
pipeline.addLast("handler", new WebSocketServerHandler());
return pipeline;
}
}
2、 请求处理,可是最重要的一部分,核心代码尽在于此:
package org.penguin.study.nettty.http.websocket;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.*;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.*;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Values.*;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod.*;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.*;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.*;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffer;
import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffers;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpResponse;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Values;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.websocket.DefaultWebSocketFrame;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.websocket.WebSocketFrame;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.websocket.WebSocketFrameDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.websocket.WebSocketFrameEncoder;
import org.jboss.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
public class WebSocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
private static final String WEBSOCKET_PATH = "/websocket";
@Override
public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
Object msg = e.getMessage();
if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
handleHttpRequest(ctx, (HttpRequest) msg);
} else if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
handleWebSocketFrame(ctx, (WebSocketFrame) msg);
}
}
private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpRequest req) throws Exception {
// Serve the WebSocket handshake request.
if (req.getUri().equals(WEBSOCKET_PATH) && Values.UPGRADE.equalsIgnoreCase(req.getHeader(CONNECTION))
&& WEBSOCKET.equalsIgnoreCase(req.getHeader(Names.UPGRADE))) {
// Create the WebSocket handshake response.
HttpResponse res = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, new HttpResponseStatus(101, "Web Socket Protocol Handshake"));
res.addHeader(Names.UPGRADE, WEBSOCKET);
res.addHeader(CONNECTION, Values.UPGRADE);
// Fill in the headers and contents depending on handshake method.
if (req.containsHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY1) && req.containsHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY2)) {
// New handshake method with a challenge:
res.addHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_ORIGIN, req.getHeader(ORIGIN));
res.addHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_LOCATION, getWebSocketLocation(req));
String protocol = req.getHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL);
if (protocol != null) {
res.addHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, protocol);
}
// Calculate the answer of the challenge.
String key1 = req.getHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY1);
String key2 = req.getHeader(SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY2);
int a = (int) (Long.parseLong(key1.replaceAll("[^0-9]", "")) / key1.replaceAll("[^ ]", "").length());
int b = (int) (Long.parseLong(key2.replaceAll("[^0-9]", "")) / key2.replaceAll("[^ ]", "").length());
long c = req.getContent().readLong();
ChannelBuffer input = ChannelBuffers.buffer(16);
input.writeInt(a);
input.writeInt(b);
input.writeLong(c);
ChannelBuffer output = ChannelBuffers.wrappedBuffer(MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest( input.array()));
res.setContent(output);
} else {
res.addHeader(WEBSOCKET_ORIGIN, req.getHeader(ORIGIN));
res.addHeader(WEBSOCKET_LOCATION, getWebSocketLocation(req));
String protocol = req.getHeader(WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL);
if (protocol != null) {
res.addHeader(WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, protocol);
}
}
// Upgrade the connection and send the handshake response.
ChannelPipeline p = ctx.getChannel().getPipeline();
p.remove("aggregator");
p.replace("decoder", "wsdecoder", new WebSocketFrameDecoder());
ctx.getChannel().write(res);
p.replace("encoder", "wsencoder", new WebSocketFrameEncoder());
return;
}
// Send an error page otherwise.
sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, FORBIDDEN));
}
private void handleWebSocketFrame(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, WebSocketFrame frame) {
// 发送消息回执
ctx.getChannel().write(new DefaultWebSocketFrame("动拐动拐,我是动爻,消息已收到:" + frame.getTextData()));
}
private void sendHttpResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpRequest req, HttpResponse res) {
// Generate an error page if response status code is not OK (200).
if (res.getStatus().getCode() != 200) {
res.setContent(ChannelBuffers.copiedBuffer(res.getStatus().toString(), CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
setContentLength(res, res.getContent().readableBytes());
}
// Send the response and close the connection if necessary.
ChannelFuture f = ctx.getChannel().write(res);
if (!isKeepAlive(req) || res.getStatus().getCode() != 200) {
f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
System.err.println("出现错误:" + e.getCause().getMessage());
e.getChannel().close();
}
private String getWebSocketLocation(HttpRequest req) {
return "ws://" + req.getHeader(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST) + WEBSOCKET_PATH;
}
}
3、服务器代码:
package org.penguin.study.nettty.http.websocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannelFactory;
public class WebSocketServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Configure the server.
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(
Executors.newCachedThreadPool(), Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
// Set up the event pipeline factory.
bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new WebSocketServerPipelineFactory());
// Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));
}
}
4、测试的浏览器代码,在Google Chrome下测试正常运行,IE、Firefox、360目前不支持Web Socket。
写道
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Web Socket范例</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket;
if (window.WebSocket) {
socket = new WebSocket("ws://WebSocket服务器地址:8888/websocket");
socket.onmessage = function(event) { alert(event.data); };
socket.onopen = function(event) { alert("Web Socket成功链接!"); };
socket.onclose = function(event) { alert("Web Socket已被关闭!"); };
} else {
alert("对不起,您的浏览器不支持Web Socket,目前建议使用新版的Chrome浏览器!");
}
function send(message) {
if (!window.WebSocket) { return; }
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
socket.send(message);
} else {
alert("没有打开Socket,请检查网络及服务器是否正常运行!");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form οnsubmit="return false;">
<input type="text" name="message" value="动爻动爻,我是动拐"/><input type="button" value="发送" οnclick="send(this.form.message.value)" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Web Socket范例</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket;
if (window.WebSocket) {
socket = new WebSocket("ws://WebSocket服务器地址:8888/websocket");
socket.onmessage = function(event) { alert(event.data); };
socket.onopen = function(event) { alert("Web Socket成功链接!"); };
socket.onclose = function(event) { alert("Web Socket已被关闭!"); };
} else {
alert("对不起,您的浏览器不支持Web Socket,目前建议使用新版的Chrome浏览器!");
}
function send(message) {
if (!window.WebSocket) { return; }
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
socket.send(message);
} else {
alert("没有打开Socket,请检查网络及服务器是否正常运行!");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form οnsubmit="return false;">
<input type="text" name="message" value="动爻动爻,我是动拐"/><input type="button" value="发送" οnclick="send(this.form.message.value)" />
</form>
</body>
</html>